Kesik Ferhan, Dogan-Gunaydin Sibel, Fisunoglu Mehmet
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gaziantep University, 27310 Gaziantep, Turkey.
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Dec 23;60(12):2107. doi: 10.3390/medicina60122107.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease primarily affecting hair follicles, characterized by painful nodules, abscesses, and sinus tract formation. Recent evidence suggests that weight management and nutritional factors may influence HS symptoms. This cross-sectional case-control study aimed to assess the impact of body composition and nutritional factors on HS severity. We included 50 patients with HS and 50 matched controls comparable in body mass index (BMI), sex, and age. The data collected included 3-day food records, a food frequency questionnaire, 24 h physical activity records, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) scores, body composition, and anthropometric measurements. The macronutrient and micronutrient intake, as well as dietary glycemic index (GI), were analyzed. HS severity was assessed using the Hurley staging system and the International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4). HS patients exhibited significantly lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet and a higher dietary GI compared to controls. Their micronutrient intake was also reduced, while the consumption of junk food, dairy products, and nightshade vegetables was more frequent. The MEDAS scores and physical activity levels were negatively correlated with the IHS4 scores, while higher anthropometric measurements, dietary energy, protein, total fat, and GI showed positive correlations. The Hurley stage was negatively correlated with the MEDAS scores and positively correlated with the GI and visceral fat. In multiple regression analysis, the MEDAS score emerged as the primary variable associated with disease severity. These findings suggest that an increased adherence to the Mediterranean diet, intake of food with a lower GI, and maintaining an ideal body weight may positively affect HS management. Long-term studies are warranted to corroborate our findings.
化脓性汗腺炎（HS）是一种主要影响毛囊的慢性炎症性皮肤病，其特征为疼痛性结节、脓肿和窦道形成。最近的证据表明，体重管理和营养因素可能会影响HS症状。这项横断面病例对照研究旨在评估身体成分和营养因素对HS严重程度的影响。我们纳入了50例HS患者和50例在体重指数（BMI）、性别和年龄方面相匹配的对照。收集的数据包括3天的食物记录、食物频率问卷、24小时身体活动记录、地中海饮食依从性筛查器（MEDAS）评分、身体成分和人体测量数据。分析了宏量营养素和微量营养素的摄入量以及饮食血糖指数（GI）。使用Hurley分期系统和国际化脓性汗腺炎严重程度评分系统（IHS4）评估HS严重程度。与对照组相比，HS患者对地中海饮食的依从性显著降低，饮食GI更高。他们的微量营养素摄入量也减少，而垃圾食品、乳制品和茄科蔬菜的消费更为频繁。MEDAS评分和身体活动水平与IHS4评分呈负相关，而较高的人体测量数据、饮食能量、蛋白质、总脂肪和GI呈正相关。Hurley分期与MEDAS评分呈负相关，与GI和内脏脂肪呈正相关。在多元回归分析中，MEDAS评分成为与疾病严重程度相关的主要变量。这些发现表明，增加对地中海饮食的依从性、摄入较低GI的食物以及保持理想体重可能对HS的管理产生积极影响。有必要进行长期研究来证实我们的发现。
