Wang Qingguo, Wang Bing-Yan, Williams She'Neka, Xie Hua
School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.
School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77504, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 11;25(24):13303. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413303.
Periodontitis disproportionately affects genetic ancestral/ethnic groups. To characterize the oral microbiome from different genetic ancestral/ethnic groups, we collected 161 dental plaque samples from self-identified African Americans (AAs), Caucasian Americans (CAs), and Hispanic Americans (HAs) with clinical gingival health or biofilm-induced gingivitis on an intact periodontium. DNA was extracted from these samples, and then DNA libraries were prepared and sequenced using an Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencer. We found significant differences in the diversity and abundance of microbial taxa among dental plaque samples of the AA, CA, and HA groups. We also identified unique microbial species in a self-reported ancestral/ethnic group. Moreover, we revealed variations in functional potentials of the oral microbiome among the three ancestral/ethnic groups, with greater diversity and abundance of antibiotic-resistant genes in the oral microbiome and significantly more genes involved in the modification of glycoconjugates and oligo- and polysaccharides in AAs than in CAs and HAs. Our observations suggest that the variations in the oral microbiome associated with ancestral/ethnic backgrounds may directly relate to their virulence potential including their abilities to induce host immune responses and to resist antibiotic treatment. These finding can be a steppingstone for developing precision medicine and personalized periodontal prevention/treatment and for reducing oral health disparities.
牙周炎对不同遗传祖先/种族群体的影响存在差异。为了表征来自不同遗传祖先/种族群体的口腔微生物群，我们收集了161份牙菌斑样本，这些样本来自自我认定为非裔美国人（AAs）、欧裔美国人（CAs）和西班牙裔美国人（HAs）的个体，他们具有临床牙龈健康或完整牙周组织上由生物膜引起的牙龈炎。从这些样本中提取DNA，然后制备DNA文库，并使用Illumina NovaSeq高通量测序仪进行测序。我们发现非裔美国人、欧裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人组的牙菌斑样本中微生物分类群的多样性和丰度存在显著差异。我们还在一个自我报告的祖先/种族群体中鉴定出独特的微生物物种。此外，我们揭示了三个祖先/种族群体口腔微生物群功能潜力的差异，非裔美国人口腔微生物群中抗生素抗性基因的多样性和丰度更高，并且与欧裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人相比，参与糖缀合物和寡糖及多糖修饰的基因明显更多。我们的观察结果表明，与祖先/种族背景相关的口腔微生物群差异可能直接与其毒力潜力有关，包括它们诱导宿主免疫反应和抵抗抗生素治疗的能力。这些发现可以成为开发精准医学和个性化牙周预防/治疗以及减少口腔健康差距的垫脚石。
