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一种基于FPGA的TMR弱电流传感器高精度温度补偿方法

A High-Precision Temperature Compensation Method for TMR Weak Current Sensors Based on FPGA.

作者信息

Wu Jie, Zhou Ke, Jin Qingren, Lu Baihua, Jin Zhenhu, Chen Jiamin

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.

School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

出版信息

Micromachines (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;15(12):1407. doi: 10.3390/mi15121407.

DOI:10.3390/mi15121407
PMID:39770161
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11678431/
Abstract

Tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors, known for their high sensitivity, efficiency, and compact size, are ideal for detecting weak currents, particularly leakage currents in smart grids. However, temperature variations can negatively impact their accuracy. This work investigates the effects of temperature variations on measurement accuracy. We analyzed the operating principles and temperature characteristics of TMR sensors and proposed a high-precision, software-based temperature compensation method using cubic spline interpolation combined with polynomial regression and zero-point self-calibration. Additionally, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based temperature compensation circuit was designed and implemented. An experimental platform was established to comprehensively evaluate the sensor's performance under various temperature conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that this method significantly enhances the sensor's temperature stability, reduces the sensitivity temperature drift coefficient, and improves zero-point drift stability, outperforming other compensation methods. After compensation, the sensor's measurement accuracy in complex temperature environments is substantially improved, enabling effective weak current detection in smart grids across diverse environments.

摘要

隧道磁阻（TMR）传感器以其高灵敏度、高效率和紧凑尺寸而闻名，是检测微弱电流（特别是智能电网中的泄漏电流）的理想选择。然而，温度变化会对其精度产生负面影响。这项工作研究了温度变化对测量精度的影响。我们分析了TMR传感器的工作原理和温度特性，并提出了一种基于软件的高精度温度补偿方法，该方法使用三次样条插值结合多项式回归和零点自校准。此外，还设计并实现了一种基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）的温度补偿电路。建立了一个实验平台，以全面评估传感器在各种温度条件下的性能。实验结果表明，该方法显著提高了传感器的温度稳定性，降低了灵敏度温度漂移系数，提高了零点漂移稳定性，优于其他补偿方法。补偿后，传感器在复杂温度环境下的测量精度得到大幅提高，能够在各种环境中的智能电网中有效地检测微弱电流。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/720f1a92824f/micromachines-15-01407-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e58c7ce133bd/micromachines-15-01407-g001.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/594de9097e01/micromachines-15-01407-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/f66f71737e62/micromachines-15-01407-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/7eee4dd57f2c/micromachines-15-01407-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/0a57f10f1750/micromachines-15-01407-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e925aab64376/micromachines-15-01407-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/72663b862328/micromachines-15-01407-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e118985f544b/micromachines-15-01407-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/765c0f6f535b/micromachines-15-01407-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/720f1a92824f/micromachines-15-01407-g013.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e58c7ce133bd/micromachines-15-01407-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/97017d1db49b/micromachines-15-01407-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/d98e7bdfd11b/micromachines-15-01407-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/2d5f474f3791/micromachines-15-01407-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/594de9097e01/micromachines-15-01407-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/f66f71737e62/micromachines-15-01407-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/7eee4dd57f2c/micromachines-15-01407-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/0a57f10f1750/micromachines-15-01407-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e925aab64376/micromachines-15-01407-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/72663b862328/micromachines-15-01407-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/e118985f544b/micromachines-15-01407-g011.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/765c0f6f535b/micromachines-15-01407-g012.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/f69b/11678431/720f1a92824f/micromachines-15-01407-g013.jpg

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