Silva Monteiro João Paulo, da Silva André Felipe, Delgado Duarte Rubens Tadeu, José Giachini Admir
Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina-Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil.
Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi 77402-970, TO, Brazil.
Toxics. 2024 Dec 17;12(12):913. doi: 10.3390/toxics12120913.
Bioremediation, involving the strategic use of microorganisms, has proven to be a cost-effective alternative for restoring areas impacted by persistent contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this context, the aim of this study was to explore hydrocarbon-degrading microbial consortia by prospecting native species from soils contaminated with blends of diesel and biodiesel (20% biodiesel/80% diesel). After enrichment in a minimal medium containing diesel oil as the sole carbon source and based on 16S rRNA, Calmodulin and β-tubulin gene sequencing, seven fungi and 12 bacteria were identified. The drop collapse test indicated that all fungal and four bacterial strains were capable of producing biosurfactants with a surface tension reduction of ≥20%. Quantitative analysis of extracellular laccase production revealed superior enzyme activity among the bacterial strains, particularly for P05R11. Following antagonistic testing, four compatible consortia were formulated. The degradation analysis of PAHs and TPH (C5-C40) present in diesel oil revealed a significantly higher degradation capacity for the consortia compared to isolated strains. The best results were observed for a mixed bacterial-fungal consortium, composed of P05R2, P10R19 and P05R9, with a degradation spectrum of ≥91% for all eleven PAHs analyzed, removing 93.61% of total PAHs, and 93.52% of TPH (C5-C40). Furthermore, this study presents the first report of as a candidate for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons.
生物修复涉及对微生物的策略性利用，已被证明是恢复受多环芳烃（PAHs）等持久性污染物影响区域的一种经济有效的替代方法。在此背景下，本研究的目的是通过勘探受柴油和生物柴油混合物（20%生物柴油/80%柴油）污染土壤中的本地物种，来探索降解烃类的微生物群落。在以柴油作为唯一碳源的基本培养基中富集培养后，基于16S rRNA、钙调蛋白和β-微管蛋白基因测序，鉴定出了7种真菌和12种细菌。液滴塌陷试验表明，所有真菌菌株和4种细菌菌株都能够产生生物表面活性剂，表面张力降低≥20%。细胞外漆酶产量的定量分析显示，细菌菌株中的酶活性较高，特别是P05R11。经过拮抗试验后，配制了4种相容性菌群。对柴油中存在的多环芳烃和总石油烃（C5-C40）的降解分析表明，与分离菌株相比，菌群的降解能力显著更高。由P05R2、P10R19和P05R9组成的混合细菌-真菌菌群取得了最佳结果，对所分析的11种多环芳烃的降解谱≥91%，去除了93.61%的总多环芳烃和93.52%的总石油烃（C5-C40）。此外，本研究首次报道了[具体内容缺失]作为石油烃生物修复候选物的情况。
