da Silva André Felipe, Banat Ibrahim M, Robl Diogo, Giachini Admir José
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Undergraduate Program, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Gurupi, TO, Brazil.
Bioprocess Biosyst Eng. 2023 Mar;46(3):393-428. doi: 10.1007/s00449-022-02763-3. Epub 2022 Aug 9.
Petroleum hydrocarbons and toxic metals are sources of environmental contamination and are harmful to all ecosystems. Fungi have metabolic and morphological plasticity that turn them into potential prototypes for technological development in biological remediation of these contaminants due to their ability to interact with a specific contaminant and/or produced metabolites. Although fungal bioinoculants producing enzymes, biosurfactants, polymers, pigments and organic acids have potential to be protagonists in mycoremediation of hydrocarbons and toxic metals, they can still be only adjuvants together with bacteria, microalgae, plants or animals in such processes. However, the sudden accelerated development of emerging technologies related to the use of potential fungal bioproducts such as bioinoculants, enzymes and biosurfactants in the remediation of these contaminants, has boosted fungal bioprocesses to achieve higher performance and possible real application. In this review, we explore scientific and technological advances in bioprocesses related to the production and/or application of these potential fungal bioproducts when used in remediation of hydrocarbons and toxic metals from an integral perspective of biotechnological process development. In turn, it sheds light to overcome existing technological limitations or enable new experimental designs in the remediation of these and other emerging contaminants.
石油烃和有毒金属是环境污染源，对所有生态系统都有害。真菌具有代谢和形态可塑性，由于它们能够与特定污染物和/或产生的代谢物相互作用，使其成为这些污染物生物修复技术开发的潜在原型。尽管产生酶、生物表面活性剂、聚合物、色素和有机酸的真菌生物接种剂有潜力在烃类和有毒金属的真菌修复中发挥主角作用，但在这些过程中，它们与细菌、微藻、植物或动物一起仍可能只是辅助剂。然而，与使用潜在真菌生物产品（如生物接种剂、酶和生物表面活性剂）修复这些污染物相关的新兴技术的突然加速发展，推动了真菌生物过程实现更高性能和可能的实际应用。在这篇综述中，我们从生物技术过程开发的整体角度探讨了与这些潜在真菌生物产品的生产和/或应用相关的生物过程中的科学和技术进展，这些生物产品用于修复烃类和有毒金属。反过来，它有助于克服现有的技术限制或在修复这些及其他新兴污染物方面实现新的实验设计。
