Almasri Dana, Dahman Yaser
Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
J Biomater Appl. 2025 Apr;39(9):1064-1083. doi: 10.1177/08853282241312040. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
This study explores mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) that show promise as advanced therapeutic delivery platforms owing to their tailorable porous properties enabling enhanced drug loading capacity and biomimetic chemistry for localized, sustained release. This work systematically investigates the complex relationship between MBG composition and surfactant templating on structural evolution, bioactive response, resultant drug loading efficiency and release. A total of 12 samples of sol-gel-derived MBG were synthesized using cationic and non-ionic structure-directing agents (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, Pluronic F127 and P123) while modulating the SiO/CaO content, generating MBG with surface areas of 60-695 m/g. Electron microscopy and nitrogen desorption studies verified the successful synthesis of the 12 ordered MBG formulations. Assessment of hydroxyapatite conversion kinetics via FTIR spectroscopy and SEM demonstrated accelerated deposition for 70-80% SiO formulations, independent of the surfactant used. However, the templating agent had an impact on drug loading as observed in this study where MBG synthesized by the templating agent Pluronic P123 had higher drug loading compared to the other surfactants. To determine the drug release mechanisms, the in vitro kinetic profiles were fitted to various mathematical models including ze-ro. Most compositions exhibited release properties closest to zero-order, indicating a concentration-independent drug elution rate. These results in this study explain the relationship between tailored hierarchical architecture and intrinsic ion release rates to enable advanced functionality.
本研究探索了介孔生物活性玻璃（MBG），由于其可定制的多孔特性，能够提高药物负载能力，并具有用于局部、持续释放的仿生化学性质，因此有望成为先进的治疗给药平台。这项工作系统地研究了MBG组成与表面活性剂模板化之间的复杂关系对结构演变、生物活性响应、最终药物负载效率和释放的影响。使用阳离子和非离子结构导向剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、普朗尼克F127和P123）合成了总共12个溶胶 - 凝胶衍生的MBG样品，同时调节SiO/CaO含量，生成表面积为60 - 695 m²/g的MBG。电子显微镜和氮脱附研究证实成功合成了12种有序的MBG配方。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对羟基磷灰石转化动力学的评估表明，对于70 - 80% SiO配方，羟基磷灰石沉积加速，且与所用表面活性剂无关。然而，如本研究中所观察到的，模板剂对药物负载有影响，其中由模板剂普朗尼克P123合成的MBG比其他表面活性剂具有更高的药物负载量。为了确定药物释放机制，将体外动力学曲线拟合到包括零级在内的各种数学模型。大多数组合物表现出最接近零级的释放特性，表明药物洗脱速率与浓度无关。本研究中的这些结果解释了定制的分级结构与内在离子释放速率之间的关系，以实现先进的功能。
