Hochhold Danielle, Nørgaard Lotte Stig, Stewart Derek, Weidmann Anita Elaine
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens Universität, Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int J Clin Pharm. 2025 Apr;47(2):247-269. doi: 10.1007/s11096-024-01834-7. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Drug-related problems (DRPs) are significant issues in healthcare contributing to adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. While community pharmacists play a pivotal role in identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs, there is a need to map approaches undertaken.
The aim of this scoping review was to examine the approaches to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in community pharmacies in Europe, and their associated barriers and facilitators.
The scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted across 11 databases from inception until March 2023. Studies of all designs reporting DRPs in European community pharmacies were included. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by two researchers, followed by data extraction and synthesis.
The search yielded 67 relevant studies. Forty-eight studies described approaches to DRP identification as predominantly relying on professional knowledge and computer software. The classification methods, described in 41 studies, varied with reports of predefined systems and computer-generated classifications. Documentation approaches were described in 53 studies and were primarily computer-based. Facilitators included electronic support systems, pharmacist experience, while barriers encompassed the complexity of classification as well as variations in training, IT solutions, operational structures, and implementation.
There is a lack of a standardized approach to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in European community pharmacies. A framework for pharmacist education and a time-saving approach to documenting DRPs consistently could serve to overcome the barriers to their identification and documentation. Furthermore, the implementation of a standardised approach to classifying DRPs could facilitate comparison of the management of DRPs across Europe.
药物相关问题（DRPs）是医疗保健中的重大问题，会导致不良健康后果并增加医疗成本。虽然社区药剂师在识别、分类和记录药物相关问题方面发挥着关键作用，但有必要梳理所采用的方法。
本范围综述的目的是研究欧洲社区药房中识别、分类和记录药物相关问题的方法，以及与之相关的障碍和促进因素。
范围综述按照乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的指南进行，并根据PRISMA-ScR指南报告。检索从数据库建立至2023年3月期间的11个数据库。纳入所有报告欧洲社区药房药物相关问题的各类研究。由两名研究人员独立筛选标题、摘要和全文，随后进行数据提取和综合分析。
检索得出67项相关研究。48项研究描述了药物相关问题识别方法主要依赖专业知识和计算机软件。41项研究中描述的分类方法各不相同，有预定义系统和计算机生成分类的报告。53项研究描述了记录方法，主要基于计算机。促进因素包括电子支持系统、药剂师经验，而障碍包括分类的复杂性以及培训、信息技术解决方案、运营结构和实施方面的差异。
欧洲社区药房在识别、分类和记录药物相关问题方面缺乏标准化方法。药剂师教育框架和一种始终如一的节省时间的药物相关问题记录方法有助于克服识别和记录方面的障碍。此外，实施标准化的药物相关问题分类方法可以促进欧洲各地药物相关问题管理的比较。
