Kadian Sachin, Sahoo Siba Sundar, Shukla Shubhangi, Narayan Roger J
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2025 Feb 5;13(6):2114-2123. doi: 10.1039/d4tb01808g.
Despite the various benefits of chlorpromazine, its misuse and overdose may lead to severe side effects, therefore, creating a user-friendly point-of-care device for monitoring the levels of chlorpromazine drug to manage the potential side effects and ensure the effective and safe use of the medication is highly desired. In this report, we have demonstrated a simple and scalable manufacturing process for the development of a 3D-printed conducting microneedle array-based electrochemical point-of-care device for the minimally invasive sensing of chlorpromazine. We used an inkjet printer to print the carbon and silver ink onto a customized 3D-printed ultrasharp microneedle array for the preparation of counter, working, and reference electrodes. After physical characterization and electrochemical parameter optimization, the developed microneedle array-based three-electrode system was explored for the detection of chlorpromazine. The analytical results showed high sensitivity and selectivity toward chlorpromazine with a good linearity range from 5-120 μM and a low detection limit (0.09 μM). The proof-of-concept study results obtained from the skin-mimicking model indicated that the developed conductive microneedle array-based sensor can easily monitor the micromolar levels of chlorpromazine in artificial interstitial fluid; this type of system can be further explored for the development of other minimally invasive electrochemical biosensors.
尽管氯丙嗪有诸多益处，但其滥用和过量使用可能会导致严重的副作用。因此，非常需要开发一种用户友好的即时检测设备，用于监测氯丙嗪药物的水平，以管理潜在的副作用，并确保该药物的有效和安全使用。在本报告中，我们展示了一种简单且可扩展的制造工艺，用于开发基于3D打印导电微针阵列的即时检测电化学设备，用于微创检测氯丙嗪。我们使用喷墨打印机将碳墨和银墨打印到定制的3D打印超尖微针阵列上，以制备对电极、工作电极和参比电极。经过物理表征和电化学参数优化后，对所开发的基于微针阵列的三电极系统进行了氯丙嗪检测研究。分析结果表明，该系统对氯丙嗪具有高灵敏度和选择性，线性范围为5-120μM，检测限低（0.09μM）。从皮肤模拟模型获得的概念验证研究结果表明，所开发的基于导电微针阵列的传感器能够轻松监测人工间质液中氯丙嗪的微摩尔水平；这种系统可进一步用于开发其他微创电化学生物传感器。
