Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of North Carolina and Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina 27695-7115 , United States.
ACS Sens. 2019 Aug 23;4(8):2196-2204. doi: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01127. Epub 2019 Aug 12.
Levodopa is the most effective medication for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, because dose optimization is currently based on patients' report of symptoms, which are difficult for patients to describe, the management of PD is challenging. We report on a microneedle sensing platform for continuous minimally invasive orthogonal electrochemical monitoring of levodopa (L-Dopa). The new multimodal microneedle sensing platform relies on parallel simultaneous independent enzymatic-amperometric and nonenzymatic voltammetric detection of L-Dopa using different microneedles on the same sensor array patch. Such real-time orthogonal L-Dopa sensing offers a built-in redundancy and enhances the information content of the microneedle sensor arrays. This is accomplished by rapid detection of L-Dopa using square-wave voltammetry and chronoamperometry at unmodified and tyrosinase-modified carbon-paste microneedle electrodes, respectively. The new wearable microneedle sensor device displays an attractive analytical performance with the enzymatic and nonenzymatic L-Dopa microneedle sensors offering different dimensions of information while displaying high sensitivity (with a low detection limit), high selectivity in the presence of potential interferences, and good stability in artificial interstitial fluid (ISF). The attractive analytical performance and potential wearable applications of the microneedle sensor array have been demonstrated in a skin-mimicking phantom gel as well as upon penetration through mice skin. The design and attractive analytical performance of the new orthogonal wearable microneedle sensor array hold considerable promise for reliable, continuous, minimally invasive monitoring of L-Dopa in the ISF toward optimizing the dosing regimen of the drug and effective management of Parkinson disease.
左旋多巴是治疗帕金森病（PD）最有效的药物。然而，由于目前剂量优化是基于患者对症状的报告，而患者很难描述这些症状，因此 PD 的管理具有挑战性。我们报告了一种用于连续微创正交电化学监测左旋多巴（L-Dopa）的微针传感平台。新的多模态微针传感平台依赖于使用同一传感器阵列贴片上的不同微针同时平行进行酶安培和非酶伏安检测，以连续微创正交电化学监测 L-Dopa。这种实时正交 L-Dopa 传感提供了内置冗余，并增强了微针传感器阵列的信息含量。这是通过在未修饰和酪氨酸酶修饰的碳糊微针电极上分别使用方波伏安法和计时安培法快速检测 L-Dopa 来实现的。新的可穿戴微针传感器设备具有吸引人的分析性能，酶和非酶 L-Dopa 微针传感器提供了不同维度的信息，同时具有高灵敏度（检测限低）、在存在潜在干扰时的高选择性以及在人工间质液（ISF）中的良好稳定性。微针传感器阵列的吸引人的分析性能和潜在的可穿戴应用已经在皮肤模拟假凝胶以及通过小鼠皮肤渗透得到了证明。新的正交可穿戴微针传感器阵列的设计和有吸引力的分析性能为可靠、连续、微创监测 ISF 中的 L-Dopa 提供了很大的希望，以优化药物的剂量方案并有效管理帕金森病。
