Zvolensky Michael J, Smit Tanya, Rogers Andrew H, Bakhshaie Jafar, Ditre Joseph W, Rinker Dipali V
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, USA.
Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
J Behav Med. 2025 Apr;48(2):331-340. doi: 10.1007/s10865-024-00547-6. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
The landscape of nicotine use in the United States (US) has continued to evolve, with electronic cigarette use (hereafter e-cigarette) becoming more evident in recent years. Patterns of dual nicotine use, or using combustible nicotine in conjunction with e-cigarettes, may increase dependence on nicotine, continued exposure to toxins, and corresponding health risks. One of the most prevalent health problems related to nicotine use is the experience of chronic pain. Past work has established a bidirectional relationship between nicotine use and pain, such that pain motivates nicotine use and nicotine use contributes to pain. However, no work has explored differences in negative mood and pain experience as a product of nicotine use type among adults with chronic low back pain. The current cross-sectional study examined whether dual cigarette/e-cigarette use was associated with greater anxiety, depression, and pain experience among a sample of adult nicotine users (cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes) with self-reported mild to severe chronic low back pain (N = 1034, 66.0% female, M= 44.47 years, SD = 11.63). Results indicated that, compared to exclusive combustible nicotine users, dual cigarette/e-cigarette users had statistically significantly higher anxiety, depression, and pain disability scores, beyond the effects of age, sex, education, and use of opioid medications for pain. No significant group differences emerged as a function of exclusive e-cigarette use. The current findings highlight that dual cigarette/e-cigarette use may serve to mark a subpopulation of persons with chronic low back pain who present more complicated clinical features that require comprehensive care.
美国尼古丁使用的情况持续演变，近年来电子烟使用（以下简称电子烟）变得愈发明显。双重尼古丁使用模式，即同时使用可燃尼古丁产品和电子烟，可能会增加对尼古丁的依赖、持续接触毒素以及相应的健康风险。与尼古丁使用相关的最普遍健康问题之一是慢性疼痛。过去的研究已经证实尼古丁使用与疼痛之间存在双向关系，即疼痛促使人们使用尼古丁，而尼古丁使用又会加剧疼痛。然而，尚无研究探讨在患有慢性下腰痛的成年人中，不同类型尼古丁使用所导致的负面情绪和疼痛体验的差异。本横断面研究调查了在自我报告有轻度至重度慢性下腰痛的成年尼古丁使用者（使用香烟和/或电子烟，N = 1034，66.0%为女性，M = 44.47岁，SD = 11.63）样本中，同时使用香烟和电子烟是否与更高的焦虑、抑郁和疼痛体验相关。结果表明，与仅使用可燃尼古丁产品的使用者相比，同时使用香烟和电子烟的使用者在焦虑、抑郁和疼痛残疾评分上具有统计学显著更高的分数，这一差异不受年龄、性别、教育程度以及使用阿片类药物止痛的影响。仅使用电子烟的使用者之间未出现显著的组间差异。当前研究结果表明，同时使用香烟和电子烟可能标志着患有慢性下腰痛的人群中的一个亚群体，他们呈现出更复杂的临床特征，需要全面的护理。
