Peng Ying, Xiao Shao-Wen, Tu Hui, Xiong Xiao-Yun, Ma Zhao-Jia, Xu Wen-Jun, Cheng Ting
The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
School of Nursing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 9;13:809031. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.809031. eCollection 2022.
The impostor phenomenon (IP) refers to a false internal experience of low intelligence or ability that is associated with anxiety, depression, psychological distress, and burnout. The emotions associated with the IP affect not only personal mental health but also patient care. To address this issue, we need to completely understand the prevalence of and factors related to the IP and ways to resolve/overcome IP feelings. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the existing evidence regarding the IP among nursing students and nurses and determine gaps that can be addressed in future research. We conducted our study based on the scoping review methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and advanced by Levac et al. (2010). After searching the Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ProQuest databases, we identified 11 studies for inclusion in this review. We found that while the IP exists in nursing students and nurses, clinical nurse specialist students and final-year nursing students are at significant risk of impostor behavior. We also found that research in the nursing field has focused on the prevalence of and factors related to the IP, but few studies have addressed ways to resolve/overcome IP feelings. Thus, research in this area should be increased. This scoping review presents research gaps that may serve as a starting point for future work on the IP in the nursing field.
冒名顶替现象（IP）是指一种关于智力或能力低下的虚假内心体验，它与焦虑、抑郁、心理困扰和职业倦怠相关。与冒名顶替现象相关的情绪不仅会影响个人心理健康，还会影响患者护理。为了解决这个问题，我们需要全面了解冒名顶替现象的患病率、相关因素以及解决/克服冒名顶替感的方法。本范围综述的目的是识别护理专业学生和护士中有关冒名顶替现象的现有证据，并确定未来研究中可以解决的差距。我们基于Arksey和O'Malley（2005年）提出并由Levac等人（2010年）推进的范围综述方法框架开展了研究。在检索了Embase、PubMed、护理学与健康相关文献累积索引（CINAHL）、Cochrane图书馆、科学引文索引和ProQuest数据库后，我们确定了11项研究纳入本综述。我们发现，虽然冒名顶替现象存在于护理专业学生和护士中，但临床护理专家学生和护理学专业最后一年的学生存在显著的冒名顶替行为风险。我们还发现，护理领域的研究主要集中在冒名顶替现象的患病率和相关因素上，但很少有研究探讨解决/克服冒名顶替感的方法。因此，该领域的研究应该增加。本范围综述提出了研究差距，这些差距可能成为护理领域未来关于冒名顶替现象研究工作的起点。
