VanderStoep Amy, Constant Kereen, Kavic Stephen M
Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Surg Educ. 2025 Mar;82(3):103417. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2024.103417. Epub 2025 Jan 12.
Formative feedback is essential for the optimal development of a physician. The narrative portion of the evaluation is uniquely poised to help guide the resident. However, the quality of the feedback may be highly variable, and evaluators may be hampered by both a lack of formal training as well as time pressures.
To determine best practices in providing narrative feedback for residents.
We conducted a narrative review of the literature around formative feedback in residency using a Pubmed search of articles written in English over the 30 year span 1993-2023.
Several themes were identified. Comments should be specific, both to the task and to the individual. Commentary should also be actionable, rather than a statement of what cannot be changed by the learner. Ideally, the narration should be constructive, and strike the proper tone. There are additional operational items, such as the structure of the evaluation form itself, that may help optimize narrative commentary.
There is limited but compelling evidence that narrative commentary can be improved in educational value by being specific, actionable, constructive, and written with the proper tone. Changes in the evaluation form may optimize quality and improve timing of delivery.
形成性反馈对于医生的最佳发展至关重要。评估中的叙述部分在帮助指导住院医师方面具有独特的作用。然而，反馈的质量可能差异很大，评估者可能会受到缺乏正规培训以及时间压力的阻碍。
确定为住院医师提供叙述性反馈的最佳做法。
我们对1993年至2023年这30年间以英文撰写的关于住院医师培训中形成性反馈的文献进行了叙述性综述，通过PubMed搜索相关文章。
确定了几个主题。评论应该具体，既针对任务也针对个人。评论还应该是可操作的，而不是对学习者无法改变的情况的陈述。理想情况下，叙述应该具有建设性，并把握适当的语气。还有其他一些操作项目，比如评估表本身的结构，可能有助于优化叙述性评论。
有有限但令人信服的证据表明，通过做到具体、可操作、有建设性以及以适当的语气撰写，叙述性评论的教育价值可以得到提高。评估表的改变可能会优化质量并改善反馈的及时性。
