Steinauer Michelle, Pennance Tom, Tennessen Jacob, Spaan Johannie, McQuistan Tammie, Ogara George, Rawago Fredrick, Andiego Kennedy, Mulonga Boaz, Odhiambo Meredith, Mutuku Martin, Mkoji Gerald, Loker Eric, Odiere Maurice
Western University of Health Sciences.
Harvard University.
Res Sq. 2025 Jan 3:rs.3.rs-5656395. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5656395/v1.
Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, is transmitted by freshwater snails. Interruption of transmission will require novel vector-focused interventions. We performed a genome-wide association study of African snails, , exposed to in an endemic area of high transmission in Kenya. Two snail genomic regions, SudRes1 and SudRes2, were significantly associated with snail immunity to schistosomes. SudRes1 includes receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases while SudRes2 includes a class of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptors, both comprising diverse extracellular binding domains suggestive of host-pathogen interaction. Resistant and susceptible haplotypes show numerous coding differences including presence/absence of entire genes. No loci previously tied to schistosome resistance in neotropical snail species showed any association with compatibility suggesting that loci involved in the resistance of African vectors are distinct. Snail ancestry was also strongly correlated with parasite compatibility. These results will inform future efforts to predict and manipulate immunity of a major schistosome vector.
血吸虫病是一种被忽视的热带疾病，通过淡水蜗牛传播。传播阻断需要针对新的病媒采取干预措施。我们对肯尼亚高传播流行地区暴露于[此处原文缺失相关内容]的非洲蜗牛进行了全基因组关联研究。两个蜗牛基因组区域SudRes1和SudRes2与蜗牛对血吸虫的免疫力显著相关。SudRes1包括类受体蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶，而SudRes2包括一类富含亮氨酸重复序列的G蛋白偶联受体，两者都包含多样的细胞外结合域，提示宿主与病原体的相互作用。抗性和敏感单倍型表现出许多编码差异，包括整个基因的有无。之前在新热带蜗牛物种中与血吸虫抗性相关的位点均未显示出与相容性有任何关联，这表明参与非洲病媒抗性的位点是不同的。蜗牛谱系也与寄生虫相容性密切相关。这些结果将为未来预测和操纵主要血吸虫病病媒免疫力的工作提供信息。
