Floris Dorothea L, Llera Alberto, Zabihi Mariam, Moessnang Carolin, Jones Emily J H, Mason Luke, Haartsen Rianne, Holz Nathalie E, Mei Ting, Elleaume Camille, Vieira Bruno Hebling, Pretzsch Charlotte M, Forde Natalie J, Baumeister Sarah, Dell'Acqua Flavio, Durston Sarah, Banaschewski Tobias, Ecker Christine, Holt Rosemary J, Baron-Cohen Simon, Bourgeron Thomas, Charman Tony, Loth Eva, Murphy Declan G M, Buitelaar Jan K, Beckmann Christian F, Langer Nicolas
Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nat Ment Health. 2025;3(1):31-45. doi: 10.1038/s44220-024-00349-4. Epub 2025 Jan 2.
Atypical face processing is commonly reported in autism. Its neural correlates have been explored extensively across single neuroimaging modalities within key regions of the face processing network, such as the fusiform gyrus (FFG). Nonetheless, it is poorly understood how variation in brain anatomy and function jointly impacts face processing and social functioning. Here we leveraged a large multimodal sample to study the cross-modal signature of face processing within the FFG across four imaging modalities (structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, task-functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography) in 204 autistic and nonautistic individuals aged 7-30 years (case-control design). We combined two methodological innovations-normative modeling and linked independent component analysis-to integrate individual-level deviations across modalities and assessed how multimodal components differentiated groups and informed social functioning in autism. Groups differed significantly in a multimodal component driven by bilateral resting-state functional MRI, bilateral structure, right task-functional MRI and left electroencephalography loadings in face-selective and retinotopic FFG. Multimodal components outperformed unimodal ones in differentiating groups. In autistic individuals, multimodal components were associated with cognitive and clinical features linked to social, but not nonsocial, functioning. These findings underscore the importance of elucidating multimodal neural associations of social functioning in autism, offering potential for the identification of mechanistic and prognostic biomarkers.
非典型面孔加工在自闭症中较为常见。其神经关联已在面孔加工网络的关键区域(如梭状回(FFG))内通过单一神经成像模态进行了广泛探索。然而,大脑解剖结构和功能的变化如何共同影响面孔加工和社会功能,目前仍知之甚少。在此,我们利用一个大型多模态样本,对204名7至30岁的自闭症和非自闭症个体(病例对照设计),通过四种成像模态(结构磁共振成像(MRI)、静息态功能磁共振成像、任务态功能磁共振成像和脑电图)研究FFG内面孔加工的跨模态特征。我们结合了两种方法创新——规范建模和关联独立成分分析——以整合跨模态的个体水平偏差,并评估多模态成分如何区分组别以及为自闭症的社会功能提供信息。在由双侧静息态功能MRI、双侧结构、右侧任务态功能MRI和左侧脑电图负荷驱动的多模态成分中,面孔选择性和视网膜拓扑FFG中的组别存在显著差异。在区分组别方面,多模态成分优于单模态成分。在自闭症个体中,多模态成分与与社会功能(而非非社会功能)相关的认知和临床特征有关。这些发现强调了阐明自闭症中社会功能的多模态神经关联的重要性,为识别机制性和预后生物标志物提供了可能。