Gao Pan, Ji Yi, Hou Guangjin
State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
J Am Chem Soc. 2025 Jan 29;147(4):2919-2937. doi: 10.1021/jacs.4c10468. Epub 2025 Jan 14.
Metal oxide materials have found wide applications across diverse fields; in most cases, their functionalities are dictated by their surface structures and properties. A comprehensive understanding of the intricate surface features is critical for their further design, optimization, and applications, necessitating multi-faceted characterizations. Recent advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy have significantly extended its applications in the detailed analysis of multiple metal oxide nanoparticles, offering unparalleled atomic-level information on the surface structures, properties, and chemistries. Herein, we present an overview of the current state of the art from an NMR perspective. We begin with a brief introduction to contemporary ssNMR methodologies. Subsequently, we introduce and provide critical reviews on the applications of different ssNMR techniques in the detailed characterizations of the surface local structures, disorders, defects, active sites, and acidity on metal oxide nanoparticles, as well as the revelation of mechanisms behind some intriguing chemistries that occur on the surfaces, referencing representative recent studies. Finally, we address the challenges beyond the current status and provide perspectives on the future development and application of advanced ssNMR methodologies in this emerging field.
金属氧化物材料在各个领域都有广泛应用；在大多数情况下，它们的功能由其表面结构和性质决定。全面了解其复杂的表面特征对于它们的进一步设计、优化和应用至关重要，这需要多方面的表征。固态核磁共振（ssNMR）光谱学的最新进展显著扩展了其在多种金属氧化物纳米颗粒详细分析中的应用，提供了关于表面结构、性质和化学组成的无与伦比的原子级信息。在此，我们从核磁共振的角度概述当前的技术水平。我们首先简要介绍当代的ssNMR方法。随后，我们介绍并对不同的ssNMR技术在金属氧化物纳米颗粒表面局部结构、无序、缺陷、活性位点和酸度的详细表征中的应用进行批判性综述，以及揭示表面上一些有趣化学反应背后的机制，并引用近期的代表性研究。最后探讨当前现状之外的挑战，并对先进的ssNMR方法在这一新兴领域的未来发展和应用提供展望。
