Carroll M E
J Exp Anal Behav. 1985 Jan;43(1):131-44. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1985.43-131.
Six monkeys self-administered orally delivered phencyclidine ("angel dust") and saccharin under concurrent fixed-ratio 16 schedules during daily three-hour sessions. Liquid deliveries were contingent upon lip-contact responses on solenoid-operated drinking spouts. Three saccharin concentrations (0.003%, 0.03% and 0.3%, wt/vol) were tested in a nonsystematic order. For each saccharin concentration, the following series of phencyclidine concentrations (mg/ml) was presented: 0.25, 0.5, 1, 0.25 (retest), 0.125, 0.0625, 0.0312, 0.25 (retest) and 0 (water with stimuli signaling phencyclidine). As the saccharin concentration increased, the number of drug deliveries decreased, and the peaks of the concentration-response functions were shifted to the right. The lowest saccharin concentration (0.003%, wt/vol) maintained responding in excess of phencyclidine levels in only one monkey. The two higher saccharin concentrations maintained behavior far in excess of phencyclidine, but saccharin deliveries decreased in some monkeys as phencyclidine concentration and intake (mg/kg) increased. The time course and patterns of phencyclidine-reinforced responding were also altered when saccharin was concurrently available. The results are discussed in terms of strategies to reduce drug-reinforced behavior, preference between different reinforcers, and measures of reinforcing efficacy.
六只猴子在每天三小时的实验时段内，按照并发固定比率16的程序，自行口服苯环利定（“天使粉”）和糖精。液体的供应取决于对电磁控制饮水嘴的唇接触反应。以非系统顺序测试了三种糖精浓度（0.003%、0.03%和0.3%，重量/体积）。对于每种糖精浓度，呈现了以下一系列苯环利定浓度（毫克/毫升）：0.25、0.5、1、0.25（复测）、0.125、0.0625、0.0312、0.25（复测）和0（带有苯环利定信号刺激的水）。随着糖精浓度的增加，药物供应量减少，浓度-反应函数的峰值向右移动。最低的糖精浓度（0.003%，重量/体积）仅在一只猴子中维持了超过苯环利定水平的反应。两种较高的糖精浓度维持的行为远远超过苯环利定，但随着苯环利定浓度和摄入量（毫克/千克）的增加，一些猴子中的糖精供应量减少。当糖精同时可用时，苯环利定强化反应的时间进程和模式也发生了改变。从减少药物强化行为的策略、不同强化物之间的偏好以及强化效果的测量等方面对结果进行了讨论。
