Basurto Xavier, Gutierrez Nicolas L, Franz Nicole, Mancha-Cisneros Maria Del Mar, Gorelli Giulia, Aguión Alba, Funge-Smith Simon, Harper Sarah, Mills Dave J, Nico Gianluigi, Tilley Alex, Vannuccini Stefania, Virdin John, Westlund Lena, Allison Edward H, Anderson Christopher M, Baio Andrew, Cinner Joshua, Fabinyi Michael, Hicks Christina C, Kolding Jeppe, Melnychuk Michael C, Ovando Daniel, Parma Ana M, Robinson James P W, H Thilsted Shakuntala
Coasts and Commons Co-Lab, Duke Marine Lab, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA.
Department of Environmental Social Sciences, Doerr School of Sustainability, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Nature. 2025 Jan;637(8047):875-884. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08448-z. Epub 2025 Jan 15.
Sustainable development aspires to "leave no one behind". Even so, limited attention has been paid to small-scale fisheries (SSF) and their importance in eradicating poverty, hunger and malnutrition. Through a collaborative and multidimensional data-driven approach, we have estimated that SSF provide at least 40% (37.3 million tonnes) of global fisheries catches and 2.3 billion people with, on average, 20% of their dietary intake across six key micronutrients essential for human health. Globally, the livelihood of 1 in every 12 people, nearly half of them women, depends at least partly on small-scale fishing, in total generating 44% (US$77.2 billion) of the economic value of all fisheries landed. Regionally, Asian SSF provide fish, support livelihoods and supply nutrition to the largest number of people. Relative to the total capture of the fisheries sector (comprising large-scale and small-scale fisheries), across all regions, African SSF supply the most catch and nutrition, and SSF in Oceania improve the most livelihoods. Maintaining and increasing these multidimensional SSF contributions to sustainable development requires targeted and effective actions, especially increasing the engagement of fisherfolk in shared management and governance. Without management and governance focused on the multidimensional contributions of SSF, the marginalization of millions of fishers and fishworkers will worsen.
可持续发展旨在“不让任何一个人掉队”。即便如此，小规模渔业（SSF）及其在消除贫困、饥饿和营养不良方面的重要性却很少受到关注。通过一种协作性的、多维度的数据驱动方法，我们估计小规模渔业提供了全球渔业捕捞量的至少40%（3730万吨），并为23亿人提供了其饮食中六种对人类健康至关重要的关键微量营养素平均20%的摄入量。在全球范围内，每12人中就有1人的生计至少部分依赖小规模捕鱼，其中近一半为女性，小规模捕鱼创造的经济价值占所有上岸渔业经济价值的44%（772亿美元）。在区域层面，亚洲的小规模渔业为最多的人提供鱼类、支持生计并供应营养。相对于渔业部门（包括大规模和小规模渔业）的总捕捞量而言，在所有区域中，非洲的小规模渔业提供的捕捞量和营养最多，大洋洲的小规模渔业对生计的改善最为显著。要维持并增加小规模渔业对可持续发展的这些多维度贡献，需要采取有针对性的有效行动，特别是要让渔民更多地参与到共同管理和治理中来。如果不针对小规模渔业的多维度贡献进行管理和治理，数百万渔民和渔业工人的边缘化状况将会加剧。
