Sakai Kiyotaka, Miyasaka Takehiro
Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Human Environmental Science, Shonan Institute of Technology, 1-1-25 Tsujido-Nishi-Kaigan, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-8511, Japan.
J Artif Organs. 2025 Jan 16. doi: 10.1007/s10047-024-01489-1.
Abel JJ, Rowntree LG and Turner BB (Baltimore Trio) proposed the concept of vividiffusion and developed a vividiffusion apparatus in 1912. In a 1914 paper, they laid out the most important rule of device design. We named this rule an ART law taken from the initials of the Baltimore Trio. The ART law means that a blood purification device with a shape that can secure as large a dialysis membrane area as possible for as small a volume of blood filling as possible will achieve high dialysis performance. Rather than using 8 mm inner diameter collodion tubes in the original vividiffusion apparatus, the solution to the device shape that fits this rule is to hold down the tube from both top and bottom to make it as flat as possible, or if it is a flat membrane, to bring two flat membranes as close together as possible, and in the case of tubes and hollow fibers, to make their inner diameter as small as possible of approximately 200 μm. In other words, the dialysis performance is greatly improved by narrowing the blood flow path. This is exactly the ART law, predicting the shape of today's blood purification devices.
阿贝尔·J·J、罗恩特里·L·G和特纳·B·B（巴尔的摩三人组）在1912年提出了“生动扩散”的概念并研制出一种生动扩散装置。在1914年的一篇论文中，他们阐述了装置设计的最重要规则。我们将这条规则命名为ART法则，它取自巴尔的摩三人组的名字首字母。ART法则意味着，一种血液净化装置，其形状能为尽可能少的充入血液量确保尽可能大的透析膜面积，将实现高透析性能。在最初的生动扩散装置中不是使用内径8毫米的火棉胶管，符合这条规则的装置形状解决方案是从顶部和底部挤压管子使其尽可能扁平，或者如果是平板膜，则将两片平板膜尽可能靠近，对于管子和中空纤维，使其内径尽可能小，约为200微米。换句话说，通过缩小血流路径可大大提高透析性能。这正是ART法则，它预测了当今血液净化装置的形状。
