Zhou Haoran, Li Tianshu, Li Jie, Zheng Dongdong, Yang Jie, Zhuang Xin
Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Feb 29;11:1365580. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1365580. eCollection 2024.
There is growing evidence that antioxidant-rich diets may prevent hyperlipidemia. However, the relationship between the Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) and hyperlipidemia is unclear. The CDAI is a composite score reflecting the antioxidant content of an individual's diet, and this study aimed to investigate the relationship between CDAI and hyperlipidemia.
The study used the 2003-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for cross-sectional analyses and included 27,626 participants aged 20 years and older. The CDAI, which includes vitamins A, C, and E, zinc, selenium, and carotenoids, was calculated based on dietary intake reported in a 24-h recall interview. Hyperlipidemia was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP). Covariates included age, sex, race, education, marriage, household poverty-to-income ratio (PIR), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), body mass index (BMI), energy, carbohydrates, total fat, cholesterol, smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and lipid-lowering medications. The association between CDAI and hyperlipidemia was explored through multiple logistic regression analyses and smoothed curve fitting. We also performed subgroup analyses and interaction tests to verify the relationship's stability.
After adjusting for potential confounders, CDAI was negatively associated with the risk of developing hyperlipidemia (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96-0.99, < 0.01). The results of weighted regression models stratified by quartiles of CDAI (-8.664 ≤ Q1 ≤ -2.209, -2.209 < Q2 ≤ -0.002, -0.002 < Q3 ≤ 2.774, 2.774 < Q4 ≤ 124.284), fully adjusted for confounding variables, indicated that compared with the bottom quartile (Q1) of the CDAI, Q2, Q3, and Q4 of participants had a lower advantage ratio (Q2: OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78-1.06, < 0.21; Q3: OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.73-1.00, < 0.05; and Q4: OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64-0.94, < 0.01), which was confirmed by a test for trend ( < 0.05). Smoothed curve fit analysis showed linearity (p for non-linear = 0.0912). In summary, there is a linear negative relationship between CDAI and the risk of developing hyperlipidemia. Subgroup analyses by age, sex, ethnicity, education level, marriage, tobacco status, alcoholic drinking, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, and diabetes did not indicate strong interactions.
In this large cross-sectional study, there was a linear negative association between CDAI and hyperlipidemia among US adults. Therefore increase antioxidant rich foods in your life as a prevention of hyperlipidemia.
越来越多的证据表明，富含抗氧化剂的饮食可能预防高脂血症。然而，复合饮食抗氧化指数（CDAI）与高脂血症之间的关系尚不清楚。CDAI是一个反映个体饮食中抗氧化剂含量的综合评分，本研究旨在调查CDAI与高脂血症之间的关系。
本研究使用2003 - 2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库进行横断面分析，纳入了27,626名20岁及以上的参与者。CDAI包括维生素A、C和E、锌、硒和类胡萝卜素，根据24小时回忆访谈中报告的饮食摄入量计算得出。高脂血症由国家胆固醇教育计划（NCEP）定义。协变量包括年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、婚姻状况、家庭贫困收入比（PIR）、肾小球滤过率（eGFR）、体重指数（BMI）、能量、碳水化合物、总脂肪、胆固醇、吸烟、饮酒、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病和降脂药物。通过多重逻辑回归分析和平滑曲线拟合探索CDAI与高脂血症之间的关联。我们还进行了亚组分析和交互作用检验，以验证这种关系的稳定性。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，CDAI与发生高脂血症的风险呈负相关（OR 0.98，95% CI 0.96 - 0.99，P < 0.01）。按CDAI四分位数分层的加权回归模型结果（-8.664≤Q1≤ - 2.209， - 2.209 < Q2≤ - 0.002， - 0.002 < Q3≤2.774，2.774 < Q4≤124.284），在对混杂变量进行完全调整后，表明与CDAI的最低四分位数（Q1）相比，参与者的Q2、Q3和Q4具有较低的优势比（Q2：OR 0.91，95% CI 0.78 - 1.06，P < 0.21；Q3：OR 0.85，95% CI 0.73 - 1.00，P < 0.05；Q4：OR 0.77，95% CI 0.64 - 0.94，P < 0.01），趋势检验证实了这一点（P < 0.05）。平滑曲线拟合分析显示呈线性关系（非线性P = 0.0912）。总之，CDAI与发生高脂血症的风险之间存在线性负相关。按年龄、性别、种族、教育程度、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、饮酒情况、体重指数（BMI）、高血压和糖尿病进行的亚组分析未显示出强烈的交互作用。
在这项大型横断面研究中，美国成年人中CDAI与高脂血症之间存在线性负相关。因此，在生活中增加富含抗氧化剂的食物以预防高脂血症。
