Mandal Manisha, Ghosh Biswajit, Mandal Shyamapada
Department of Physiology, MGM Medical College, Kishanganj, 855107, India.
Department of Zoology, University of Gour Banga, Malda, 732103, India.
Funct Integr Genomics. 2025 Jan 21;25(1):20. doi: 10.1007/s10142-025-01536-x.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), Poaceae family, forms staple diet of half of world's population, and brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), an important solanaceous crop, are consumed worldwide. Rhizosphere research is gaining importance towards application of knowledge for improving productivity, sustainable agricultural practice, and rhizoremediation for nature restoration. While there are reports on rhizobacteriome of rice, studies comparing structural, functional and metabolomic traits of microbial communities in rhizospheres of rice and brinjal are not yet available. We demonstrated, in Oryza sativa (1144-Hybrid, Dhiren, Local Saran cultivars) and Solanum melongena (Jhiloria, Chandtara, Jotshna cultivars) rhizospheres from Malda, India, using integrated approach of 16 S ribosomal sequencing, shotgun metagenomics, and microbial metabolomics to decipher microbial diversity, association with soil physicochemical characteristics, key genes and pathways. Ectoine biosynthesis was significantly expressed in brinjal (Jhiloria), but not in rice rhizosphere. The dominant brinjal rhizobacteriome-specific bacteria comprised Thermus sp., Petrobacter succinatimandens, Thermoanaerobacter sp., and Diaphorobacter sp., that were involved in house-keeping functions including pentose phosphate pathway, biosynthesis of amino acids, lipopolysaccharide, and photosynthesis. The dominant bacteria unique to rice rhizobacteriome (Local Saran) consisted of Aeromonas sp., associated with catechol meta-cleavage, while Clostridium sp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and Roseburia sp. were involved with lysine biosysnthesis in rice (1144-Hybrid). Our results imply novel information for improved breeding of brinjal specific cultivar with enhanced ectoine production associated with osmotic stress tolerance, rice specific cultivars with enhanced lysine production significant to human nutrition and catechol removal for the maintenance of environmental quality.
水稻（Oryza sativa L.）属于禾本科，是世界上一半人口的主食，而茄子（Solanum melongena L.）作为一种重要的茄科作物，在全球范围内都有消费。根际研究对于将知识应用于提高生产力、可持续农业实践以及用于自然恢复的根际修复而言正变得越来越重要。虽然有关于水稻根际微生物组的报道，但尚未有比较水稻和茄子根际微生物群落的结构、功能和代谢组学特征的研究。我们在印度马尔达的水稻（1144杂交种、Dhiren、本地萨兰品种）和茄子（Jhiloria、Chandtara、Jotshna品种）根际，采用16S核糖体测序、鸟枪法宏基因组学和微生物代谢组学的综合方法，来解读微生物多样性、与土壤理化特性的关联、关键基因和途径。在茄子（Jhiloria）根际中，四氢嘧啶生物合成显著表达，但在水稻根际中未表达。茄子根际微生物组特有的优势细菌包括嗜热栖热菌属、琥珀酸产碱杆菌、嗜热厌氧杆菌属和产氢杆菌属，它们参与包括磷酸戊糖途径、氨基酸生物合成、脂多糖和光合作用在内的管家功能。水稻根际微生物组（本地萨兰）特有的优势细菌包括与儿茶酚间位裂解相关的气单胞菌属，而梭菌属、普拉梭菌和罗斯氏菌属则参与水稻（1144杂交种）中的赖氨酸生物合成。我们的研究结果为改良茄子特定品种提供了新信息，该品种具有增强的四氢嘧啶产量，与渗透胁迫耐受性相关；改良水稻特定品种，具有增强的赖氨酸产量，这对人类营养很重要，并且能去除儿茶酚以维持环境质量。
