Li Peng, Ye Shuifeng, Chen Jun, Wang Luyao, Li Yujie, Ge Lei, Wu Guogan, Song Lili, Wang Cui, Sun Yu, Wang Jinbin, Pan Aihu, Quan Zhexue, Wu Yunfei
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 201106, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Co-Elite Agricultural Sci-Tech (Group) Co., Ltd, 201106, Shanghai, China.
ISME Commun. 2023 Jan 23;3(1):4. doi: 10.1038/s43705-023-00217-9.
The environmental impacts of genetically modified (GM) plants remain a controversial global issue. To address these issues, comprehensive environmental risk assessments of GM plants is critical for the sustainable development and application of transgenic technology. In this paper, significant differences were not observed between microbial metagenomic and metabolomic profiles in surface waters of the Bt rice (T1C-1, the transgenic line) and non-Bt cultivars (Minghui 63 (the isogenic line) and Zhonghua 11 (the conventional japonica cultivar)). In contrast, differences in these profiles were apparent in the rhizospheres. T1C-1 planting increased soil microbiome diversity and network stability, but did not significantly alter the abundances of potential probiotic or phytopathogenic microorganisms compared with Minghui 63 and Zhonghua 11, which revealed no adverse effects of T1C-1 on soil microbial communities. T1C-1 planting could significantly alter soil C and N, probably via the regulation of the abundances of enzymes related to soil C and N cycling. In addition, integrated multi-omic analysis of root exudate metabolomes and soil microbiomes showed that the abundances of various metabolites released as root exudates were significantly correlated with subsets of microbial populations including the Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Gemmatimonadetes that were differentially abundant in T1C-1 and Mnghui 63 soils. Finally, the potential for T1C-1-associated root metabolites to exert growth effects on T1C-1-associated species was experimentally validated by analysis of bacterial cultures, revealing that Bt rice planting could selectively modulate specific root microbiota. Overall, this study indicate that Bt rice can directly modulate rhizosphere microbiome assemblages by altering the metabolic compositions of root exudates that then alters soil metabolite profiles and physiochemical properties. This study unveils the mechanistic associations of Bt plant-microorganism-environment, which provides comprehensive insights into the potential ecological impacts of GM plants.
转基因植物对环境的影响仍是一个全球争议性问题。为解决这些问题，对转基因植物进行全面的环境风险评估对于转基因技术的可持续发展和应用至关重要。本文中，在Bt水稻（T1C - 1，转基因品系）和非Bt品种（明恢63（同基因系）和中华11（常规粳稻品种））的地表水微生物宏基因组和代谢组谱之间未观察到显著差异。相比之下，这些谱在根际中存在明显差异。与明恢63和中华11相比，种植T1C - 1增加了土壤微生物群落多样性和网络稳定性，但并未显著改变潜在益生菌或植物病原微生物的丰度，这表明T1C - 1对土壤微生物群落没有不利影响。种植T1C - 1可能通过调节与土壤碳氮循环相关的酶的丰度来显著改变土壤碳和氮。此外，对根系分泌物代谢组和土壤微生物群落的综合多组学分析表明，作为根系分泌物释放的各种代谢物的丰度与包括酸杆菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和芽单胞菌门在内的微生物种群子集显著相关，这些微生物种群在T1C - 1和明恢63土壤中的丰度存在差异。最后，通过细菌培养分析实验验证了与T1C - 1相关的根系代谢物对T1C - 1相关物种发挥生长效应的潜力，表明种植Bt水稻可以选择性地调节特定的根系微生物群。总体而言，本研究表明Bt水稻可以通过改变根系分泌物的代谢组成直接调节根际微生物群落组合，进而改变土壤代谢物谱和理化性质。本研究揭示了Bt植物 - 微生物 - 环境的机制关联，为转基因植物潜在的生态影响提供了全面的见解。
