Tzarouchis Dimitrios C, Edwards Brian, Engheta Nader
Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Broadband Systems & Wireless Technologies Department, Intracom Telecom S.A., 19.7 km Markopoulou Ave., Peania, GR, 19002, Greece.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 21;16(1):908. doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-56019-1.
The ability to perform mathematical computations using metastructures is an emergent paradigm that carries the potential of wave-based analog computing to the realm of near-speed-of-light, low-loss, compact devices. We theoretically introduce and experimentally verify the concept of a reconfigurable metastructure that performs analog complex mathematical computations using electromagnetic waves. Reconfigurable, RF-based components endow our device with the ability to perform stationary and non-stationary iterative algorithms. After demonstrating matrix inversion (stationary problem), we use the machine to tackle two major non-stationary problems: root finding with Newton's method and inverse design (constrained optimization) via the Lagrange multiplier method. The platform enables possible avenues for wave-based, analog computations for general linear algebraic problems and beyond in compact, ultrafast, and parallelized ways.
使用超材料结构执行数学计算的能力是一种新兴范式，它将基于波的模拟计算的潜力带入了近光速、低损耗、紧凑型设备的领域。我们在理论上引入并通过实验验证了一种可重构超材料结构的概念，该结构利用电磁波执行模拟复数学计算。基于射频的可重构组件使我们的设备能够执行平稳和非平稳迭代算法。在演示矩阵求逆（平稳问题）之后，我们使用该机器解决两个主要的非平稳问题：用牛顿法求根和通过拉格朗日乘数法进行逆设计（约束优化）。该平台为以紧凑、超快和并行方式解决一般线性代数问题及其他问题的基于波的模拟计算开辟了可能的途径。
