Khodadadian Ramina, Balali-Dehkordi Shima
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2024 Dec 24;18:50-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.12.012. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Since ancient times many countries have employed medicinal plants as part of traditional medicine. Anethole is a substance found in various plants and has two isomers, cis-anethole (CA) and trans-anethole (TA). Currently, the food industry extensively use anethole as an aromatic and flavoring component. Extensive scientific research are warranted to provide scientific proof for the usage of anethole, given its widespread use and affordable price. Preclinical studies have suggested several pharmacological effects for anethole including neuroprotective properties. It has been determined that anethole through modulation of monoamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic and glutamatergic neurotransmissions as well as its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress properties affected central nervous system (CNS). In this concept previous studies have demonstrated anxiolytic, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anticonvulsant, and memory improvement effects for anethole. To fully understand its therapeutic potentials, more research are required to elucidate the precise mechanisms by which TA and CA affected CNS. This review summarizes the current knowledge on pharmacological activities of the anethole concentrating its neurological properties, and the possible mechanisms underlying these effects. Various pharmacological effects which have been reported suggesting that anethole could be considered as a potential agent for management of neurological disorders.
自古以来，许多国家都将药用植物作为传统医学的一部分。茴香脑是一种存在于多种植物中的物质，有两种异构体，顺式茴香脑（CA）和反式茴香脑（TA）。目前，食品工业广泛使用茴香脑作为芳香和调味成分。鉴于茴香脑的广泛使用和价格低廉，有必要进行广泛的科学研究以提供其使用的科学依据。临床前研究表明茴香脑具有多种药理作用，包括神经保护特性。已经确定茴香脑通过调节单胺、γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能和谷氨酸能神经传递以及其可能的抗炎和抗氧化应激特性影响中枢神经系统（CNS）。在这一概念中，先前的研究已经证明茴香脑具有抗焦虑、抗抑郁、抗伤害感受、抗惊厥和改善记忆的作用。为了充分了解其治疗潜力，需要更多的研究来阐明TA和CA影响中枢神经系统的精确机制。本综述总结了目前关于茴香药理活性的知识，重点关注其神经学特性以及这些作用的潜在机制。已报道的各种药理作用表明，茴香脑可被视为治疗神经系统疾病的潜在药物。
