Torghabeh Fatemeh Dehbashizadeh, Javadi Behjat, Sahebkar Amirhossein
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023 Dec 27;23(1):619-631. doi: 10.1007/s40200-023-01322-1. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of physiological, biochemical, clinical, and metabolic conditions that aggravate the risk of severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and fatty liver. Several dietary molecules have been considered preventive compounds for MetS. Anethole, a natural phenylpropanoid, has been found to protect against MetS and its associated components.
This systematic review aims to provide an overview of the preclinical evidence supporting the protective effects of dietary anethole against MetS and the associated diseases.
A literature search was performed using Web of Sciences, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify studies reporting the protective effects of dietary anethole against MetS, without any time restrictions. Review articles, letters to editors, editorials, unpublished results, and non-English papers were excluded from the study.
The results showed that anethole has the potential to effectively protect against the key features of MetS via various mechanisms, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, stimulating insulin secretion from β-cells, mediating oxidative stress, modulation of the mTOR/PPARγ axis, arterial remodeling, and improvement of vascular relaxation.
Anethole modulates several molecular pathways that are implicated in the pathogenesis of MetS. Future in vitro and animal investigations should be conducted to explore other anti-MetS signaling pathways of anethole. Additionally, well-designed clinical studies are warranted to determine the optimal human dose, bioavailability, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of this dietary compound.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组生理、生化、临床和代谢状况，会增加患心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和脂肪肝等严重疾病的风险。几种膳食分子被认为是代谢综合征的预防化合物。茴香脑是一种天然苯丙烷类化合物，已被发现可预防代谢综合征及其相关成分。
本系统评价旨在概述支持膳食茴香脑对代谢综合征及其相关疾病具有保护作用的临床前证据。
使用科学网、PubMed、Scopus和谷歌学术进行文献检索，以识别报告膳食茴香脑对代谢综合征具有保护作用的研究，无时间限制。综述文章、给编辑的信、社论、未发表的结果和非英文论文被排除在研究之外。
结果表明，茴香脑有可能通过多种机制有效预防代谢综合征的关键特征，包括抗氧化和抗炎作用、刺激β细胞分泌胰岛素、介导氧化应激、调节mTOR/PPARγ轴、动脉重塑和改善血管舒张。
茴香脑调节与代谢综合征发病机制相关的多种分子途径。未来应进行体外和动物研究，以探索茴香脑的其他抗代谢综合征信号通路。此外，有必要进行精心设计的临床研究，以确定这种膳食化合物的最佳人体剂量、生物利用度和药代动力学特征。
