Nakatani Miki, Kanejima Yuji, Ishihara Kodai, Koo Hanhwa, Izawa Kazuhiro P
Department of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe 654-0142, Japan.
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe 654-0142, Japan.
Pediatr Rep. 2025 Jan 2;17(1):2. doi: 10.3390/pediatric17010002.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Aquatic exercise is attracting attention as a method of rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy (CP). The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether aquatic exercise for children with CP improves their walking ability and quality of life (QOL) and is enjoyable for them.
A literature search was conducted on 2 August 2024 using three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews. Studies included in the review focused on aquatic exercise interventions for children with CP, with outcomes related to walking ability, QOL, or enjoyment. Studies that did not isolate the effects of aquatic exercise (except when combined with conventional interventions) were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted screening and risk of bias assessments.
Seven studies involving 94 participants in total were included in the review. Three of these studies had a control group. All four studies reported improvements in walking ability, including walking endurance and efficiency. One of two studies showed improvement in health-related QOL (HRQOL) compared to the control group, whereas the other did not show significant differences between groups. All three studies that assessed enjoyment reported high levels of enjoyment of aquatic exercise. However, all studies were at risk of bias.
The reviewed studies suggest that aquatic exercise for children with CP may be enjoyable and may improve walking ability. Further research is needed to accurately assess the effects of aquatic exercise and compare it to other interventions.
背景/目的：水上运动作为一种针对脑瘫（CP）儿童的康复方法正受到关注。本系统评价的目的是评估针对CP儿童的水上运动是否能改善他们的行走能力和生活质量（QOL），以及他们是否喜欢这种运动。
2024年8月2日使用三个数据库进行了文献检索：通过循证医学综述的PubMed、科学网和Cochrane对照试验中央注册库。纳入综述的研究聚焦于针对CP儿童的水上运动干预，其结果与行走能力、生活质量或运动乐趣相关。未分离水上运动效果的研究（与传统干预措施联合时除外）被排除。两名评审员独立进行筛选和偏倚风险评估。
综述共纳入7项研究，总计94名参与者。其中3项研究设有对照组。所有4项研究均报告了行走能力的改善，包括行走耐力和效率。两项研究中的一项显示与对照组相比健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）有所改善，而另一项未显示出组间显著差异。所有3项评估运动乐趣的研究均报告对水上运动的喜爱程度较高。然而，所有研究均存在偏倚风险。
综述研究表明，针对CP儿童的水上运动可能令人愉悦，且可能改善行走能力。需要进一步研究以准确评估水上运动的效果，并将其与其他干预措施进行比较。
