Cano-Montoya Johnattan, Hurtado Nicolas, Núñez Vergara Carolina, Báez Vargas Sebastián, Rojas-Vargas Marcela, Martínez-Huenchullán Sergio, Alvarez Cristian, Izquierdo Mikel
School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Dentistry and Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 5090000, Chile.
Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2025 Jan 16;12(1):30. doi: 10.3390/jcdd12010030.
This study evaluated the effects of resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in hypertensive older adults undergoing pharmacological therapy over four and eight weeks. We compared the efficacy of RT and HIIT in reducing non-responders (NRs) between weeks 4 and 8 and analyzed time-course adaptations in NRs and responders (Rs).
Thirty-nine participants were randomized into RT-G ( = 13), HIIT-G ( = 13), or control (CG, = 13) groups. RT utilized elastic bands, and HIIT involved cycle ergometers, with three weekly 30 min sessions for 8 weeks. SBP and DBP were measured before intervention and at weeks 4 and 8, respectively. Individual responses were classified as NRs or Rs using the Hopkins method (SDIR = √[SDExp2-SDCon2]). Time-course adaptations were evaluated.
Both the RT-G and HIIT-G reduced SBP at 8 weeks (RT-G: -13 mmHg; [ES: 1.12]; HIIT-G: -12 mmHg [ES: 0.8]; both < 0.05). The proportion of NRs for SBP decreased from 46% to 38% in RT-G and 69% to 46% in HIIT-G. Rs showed a peak SBP reduction at 4 weeks (-14.7 and -25.5 mmHg), stabilizing by week 8 (-22.8 and -19.6 mmHg) in RT-G and HIIT-G, respectively.
Eight weeks of RT and HIIT effectively reduced SBP and NR prevalence, with time-course adaptations favoring Rs.
本研究评估了抗阻训练（RT）和高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对接受药物治疗的老年高血压患者在4周和8周内收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）的影响。我们比较了RT和HIIT在第4周和第8周减少无反应者（NRs）的疗效，并分析了NRs和有反应者（Rs）的时间进程适应性变化。
39名参与者被随机分为RT组（n = 13）、HIIT组（n = 13）或对照组（CG，n = 13）。RT使用弹力带，HIIT使用自行车测力计，每周进行3次，每次30分钟，共8周。分别在干预前、第4周和第8周测量SBP和DBP。使用霍普金斯方法（SDIR = √[SDExp2 - SDCon2]）将个体反应分为NRs或Rs，并评估时间进程适应性变化。
RT组和HIIT组在8周时SBP均降低（RT组：-13 mmHg；[效应量：1.12]；HIIT组：-12 mmHg [效应量：0.8]；均P < 0.05）。RT组SBP的NRs比例从46%降至38%，HIIT组从69%降至46%。有反应者在第4周时SBP降幅最大（分别为-14.7和-25.5 mmHg），RT组和HIIT组在第8周时分别稳定在-22.8和-19.6 mmHg。
8周的RT和HIIT有效降低了SBP和NRs患病率，且时间进程适应性变化有利于有反应者。
