Obi Linda U, Roopnarain Ashira, Tekere Memory, Zhou Jun, Li Heng, Wang Yuanpeng, Zhang Yanlong, Adeleke Rasheed A
Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Institute for Soil, Climate and Water, Agricultural Research Council, Arcadia, Pretoria 0083, South Africa.
Unit for Environment Science and Management, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus), Private Bag X1290, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 13;11(1):56. doi: 10.3390/jof11010056.
Anaerobic digesters host a variety of microorganisms, and they work together to produce biogas. While bacterial and archaeal communities have been well explored using molecular techniques, fungal community structures remain relatively understudied. The present study aims to investigate the dynamics and potential ecological functions of the predominant fungi in bacteria-bioaugmented anaerobic digesters. Eight different anaerobic digesters that contained chopped water hyacinth and cow dung as feedstock at 2% total solids were respectively inoculated with eight different bacterial strains and digested anaerobically in controlled conditions. The diversity and dynamics of the fungal community of the digesters before and after digestion were monitored using high-throughput sequencing of the fungal sub-region of the ribosomal gene. The functional potential of the fungal community was predicted using ecological guild analysis. The dominant fungal phyla were (with relative abundance ≥1%) Ascomycota and Neocallimastigomycota. Ascomycota exhibited over 90% dominance in all treatments after anaerobic digestion (AD). sp. was consistently dominant across treatments during AD, while prominent anaerobic fungal genera , , and decreased. Ecological guild analysis at genus level showed that the majority of the identified fungi were saprophytes, and diversity indices indicated decreased richness and diversity after AD, suggesting a negative impact of AD on fungal communities in the anaerobic digesters. The multivariate structure of the fungal communities showed clustering of treatments with similar fungal taxa. The findings from this study provide insights into the fungal ecological guild of different bacteria-bioaugmented anaerobic digesters, highlighting their potentials in bacteria-augmented systems. Identification of an anaerobic fungal group within the phylum Ascomycota, beyond the well-known fungal phylum Neocallimastigomycota, offers a new perspective in optimizing the AD processes in specialized ecosystems.
厌氧消化器中存在多种微生物，它们共同作用产生沼气。虽然利用分子技术对细菌和古菌群落进行了充分研究，但真菌群落结构仍相对研究较少。本研究旨在调查细菌强化厌氧消化器中优势真菌的动态变化及其潜在生态功能。八个不同的厌氧消化器，以切碎的水葫芦和牛粪为原料，总固体含量为2%，分别接种八种不同的细菌菌株，并在受控条件下进行厌氧消化。利用核糖体基因真菌亚区域的高通量测序监测消化前后消化器真菌群落的多样性和动态变化。利用生态功能组分析预测真菌群落的功能潜力。优势真菌门（相对丰度≥1%）为子囊菌门和新美鞭菌门。厌氧消化后，子囊菌门在所有处理中均表现出超过90%的优势度。在厌氧消化过程中，某菌属在所有处理中始终占主导地位，而显著的厌氧真菌属，，和减少。属水平的生态功能组分析表明，鉴定出的大多数真菌为腐生菌，多样性指数表明厌氧消化后丰富度和多样性降低，表明厌氧消化对厌氧消化器中的真菌群落有负面影响。真菌群落的多元结构显示，具有相似真菌分类群的处理聚类在一起。本研究结果为不同细菌强化厌氧消化器的真菌生态功能组提供了见解，突出了它们在细菌强化系统中的潜力。在子囊菌门中鉴定出一个厌氧真菌类群，而非众所周知的新美鞭菌门真菌，为优化特殊生态系统中的厌氧消化过程提供了新视角。
