Radu Mihaela Corina, Armean Mihai Sebastian, Chivu Razvan Daniel, Aurelian Justin, Pop-Tudose Melania Elena, Manolescu Loredana Sabina Cornelia
Department of Microbiology, Parasitology and Virology, Faculty of Midwives and Nursing, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Emergency Hospital County, Str. Mihai Bravu no 106, 100409 Ploieşti, Romania.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Dec 31;15(1):8. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15010008.
Pregnant women's experiences and concerns regarding childbirth are complex, necessitating a multidimensional and personalized approach in maternal care. This study explores the psychological and emotional factors influencing pregnant women's decisions regarding their mode of delivery. The results will provide valuable insights for the development of educational and counseling strategies designed to support pregnant women in making informed and conscious decisions about their childbirth.
This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire exploring the psychological dimensions of childbirth. Factor analysis was employed to assess emotional perceptions, perceived medical risks, and the impact of cesarean section on pregnant women. The questionnaire was distributed online via Google Forms, using social networks like Facebook and Instagram to ensure rapid and broad accessibility. The questionnaire was available for seven months, from January to July 2023.
McDonald's ω, Cronbach's α, average inter-item correlation, and total item correlations were calculated to assess the consistency of the questionnaire items in measuring the same construct. The three-factor model emerged as the primary structure based on exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA). The first profile, centered on the psychological and emotional benefits of vaginal birth, highlights the importance of the natural birth experience for the mother's psychological well-being. The second profile addresses concerns about medical risks and the need for interventions. The third profile focuses on perceptions and concerns related to the intelligence and adaptability of children born by cesarean section and the effects of anesthesia.
Each profile reflects different strategies for seeking control and security amid childbirth uncertainties. These include emphasizing the psychological benefits of vaginal birth, addressing medical risks, and focusing on the impact of interventions on child development. Understanding these variables is essential for providing appropriate counseling and psychosocial support, thereby optimizing the birth experience and promoting the health of both mother and child. The integration of multi-factor and single-factor models in the questionnaire analysis serves complementary purposes, providing distinct yet interrelated insights into the instrument's structure and validity.
孕妇在分娩方面的经历和担忧较为复杂，这就需要在孕产妇护理中采用多维度和个性化的方法。本研究探讨影响孕妇分娩方式决策的心理和情感因素。研究结果将为制定教育和咨询策略提供宝贵的见解，这些策略旨在支持孕妇就分娩做出明智和有意识的决策。
本横断面研究旨在开发并验证一份探索分娩心理维度的问卷。采用因子分析来评估情绪认知、感知到的医疗风险以及剖宫产对孕妇的影响。问卷通过谷歌表单在线分发，利用脸书和照片墙等社交网络确保快速且广泛的可及性。问卷在2023年1月至7月期间可用，为期七个月。
计算了麦克唐纳ω系数、克朗巴哈α系数、平均项目间相关性和总项目相关性，以评估问卷项目在测量同一结构时的一致性。基于探索性和验证性因子分析（EFA和CFA），三因素模型成为主要结构。第一个维度以自然分娩的心理和情感益处为中心，强调自然分娩经历对母亲心理健康的重要性。第二个维度涉及对医疗风险的担忧以及干预的必要性。第三个维度关注与剖宫产出生儿童的智力和适应能力以及麻醉效果相关的认知和担忧。
每个维度都反映了在分娩不确定性中寻求控制和安全感的不同策略。这些策略包括强调自然分娩的心理益处、应对医疗风险以及关注干预对儿童发育的影响。了解这些变量对于提供适当的咨询和心理社会支持至关重要，从而优化分娩体验并促进母婴健康。问卷分析中多因素和单因素模型的整合起到互补作用，为工具的结构和有效性提供了不同但相互关联的见解。
