还原型谷胱甘肽通过改善断奶仔猪空肠屏障、抗氧化功能和改变蛋白质组学来促进生长性能。

Reduced Glutathione Promoted Growth Performance by Improving the Jejunal Barrier, Antioxidant Function, and Altering Proteomics of Weaned Piglets.

作者信息

Tian Zhimei, Cui Yiyan, Yu Miao, Deng Dun, Li Zhenming, Ma Xianyong, Qu Mingren

机构信息

Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330006, China.

State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.

出版信息

Antioxidants (Basel). 2025 Jan 17;14(1):107. doi: 10.3390/antiox14010107.

DOI:10.3390/antiox14010107

PMID:39857441

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11761254/

Abstract

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is a main nonenzymatic antioxidant, but its effects and underlying mechanisms on growth and intestinal health in weaned piglets still require further assessment. A total of 180 weaned piglets were randomly allotted to 5 groups: a basal diet (CON), and a basal diet supplemented with antibiotic chlortetracycline (ABX), 50 (GSH1), 65 (GSH2), or 100 mg/kg GSH (GSH3). Results revealed that dietary GSH1, GSH2, and ABX improved body weight and the average daily gain of weaned piglets, and ABX decreased albumin content but increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity and the ratio of AST to alanine transaminase levels in plasma. GSH2 significantly decreased glucose content but increased the content of triglyceride and cholesterol in the plasma. Both GSH1 and GSH2 improved the jejunal mucosa architecture (villus height, crypt depth, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth), tight junction protein (-1 and ), and antioxidant capacity (CAT and MDA), and the effects were superior to ABX. Dietary GSH improved the jejunal barrier by probably inhibiting the myosin light chain kinas pathway to up-regulate the transcript expression of tight junction protein (-1 and ) and Mucins. Through the proteomics analysis of the jejunal mucosa using 4D-DIA, the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that differentiated proteins were significantly enriched in redox homeostasis-related pathways such as glutathione metabolism, cytochrome P450, the reactive oxygen species metabolic pathway, the oxidative phosphorylation pathway, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-serine/threonine kinase pathway in GSH2 vs. CON and in GSH2 vs. ABX. The results of proteomics and qRT-PCR showed that GSH supplementation might dose-dependently promote growth performance and that it alleviated the weaning stress-induced oxidative injury of the jejunal mucosa in piglets by activating SIRTI and Akt pathways to regulate GPX4, HSP70, FoxO1. Therefore, diets supplemented with 50-65 mg/kg GSH can promote the growth of and relieve intestinal oxidative injury in weaned piglets.

摘要

还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）是一种主要的非酶抗氧化剂，但其对断奶仔猪生长和肠道健康的影响及潜在机制仍需进一步评估。总共180头断奶仔猪被随机分为5组：基础日粮组（CON），以及在基础日粮中添加抗生素金霉素的组（ABX）、添加50（GSH1）、65（GSH2）或100 mg/kg GSH的组（GSH3）。结果显示，日粮添加GSH1、GSH2和ABX提高了断奶仔猪的体重和平均日增重，ABX降低了血浆白蛋白含量，但增加了天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）活性以及AST与丙氨酸转氨酶水平的比值。GSH2显著降低了血浆葡萄糖含量，但增加了甘油三酯和胆固醇含量。GSH1和GSH2均改善了空肠黏膜结构（绒毛高度、隐窝深度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值）、紧密连接蛋白（-1和）以及抗氧化能力（CAT和MDA），且效果优于ABX。日粮添加GSH可能通过抑制肌球蛋白轻链激酶途径上调紧密连接蛋白（-1和）和黏蛋白的转录表达来改善空肠屏障。通过使用4D-DIA对空肠黏膜进行蛋白质组学分析，KEGG通路富集分析表明，与CON组相比以及与ABX组相比，GSH2组中差异蛋白在氧化还原稳态相关通路中显著富集，如谷胱甘肽代谢、细胞色素P450、活性氧代谢途径、氧化磷酸化途径以及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶-丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶途径。蛋白质组学和qRT-PCR结果表明，添加GSH可能呈剂量依赖性地促进生长性能，并通过激活SIRTI和Akt途径调节GPX4、HSP70、FoxO1来减轻断奶应激诱导的仔猪空肠黏膜氧化损伤。因此，日粮添加50 - 65 mg/kg GSH可促进断奶仔猪生长并缓解肠道氧化损伤。