Song Zhanbing, Hou Bojie, Ji Zhongqiu, Jiang Guiping
College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jan 13;25(2):422. doi: 10.3390/s25020422.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week self-designed exercise game intervention on the kinematic and kinetic data of the supporting leg in preschool children during the single-leg jump.
Thirty 5- to 6-year-old preschool children were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). The BTS SMART DX motion capture analysis system was used to collect single-leg jump data before the intervention. The experimental group underwent a 12-week intervention, with self-designed exercise games conducted three times a week for 30 min each session, while the control group only participated in regular kindergarten recess activities and physical education classes. After the intervention, the same equipment was used to collect single-leg jump data again, and the kinematic and kinetic data were analyzed using Anybody 7.4 simulation software.
After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant changes in joint angles and joint torques, with a notable increase in the force exerted by dominant muscles such as the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and gastrocnemius and a significant increase in the ground reaction force. Although the control group also showed some changes in the dominant muscles, the changes were not as significant as those in the experimental group.
A 12-week exercise game intervention significantly improved the technique and force characteristics of 5- to 6-year-old preschool children during the single-leg jump, making muscle exertion more focused and efficient and effectively enhancing explosive power and performance during the single-leg jump.
本研究旨在探讨为期12周的自行设计的运动游戏干预对学龄前儿童单腿跳时支撑腿的运动学和动力学数据的影响。
30名5至6岁的学龄前儿童被随机分为实验组（EG）和对照组（CG）。干预前，使用BTS SMART DX运动捕捉分析系统收集单腿跳数据。实验组接受为期12周的干预，每周进行3次自行设计的运动游戏，每次30分钟，而对照组仅参加幼儿园常规课间活动和体育课。干预后，使用相同设备再次收集单腿跳数据，并使用Anybody 7.4模拟软件分析运动学和动力学数据。
干预后，实验组的关节角度和关节扭矩有显著变化，股内侧肌、股外侧肌和腓肠肌等优势肌肉施加的力显著增加，地面反作用力也显著增加。虽然对照组的优势肌肉也有一些变化，但变化不如实验组显著。
为期12周的运动游戏干预显著改善了5至6岁学龄前儿童单腿跳时的技术和力量特征，使肌肉发力更加集中和高效，有效提高了单腿跳时的爆发力和表现。
