Zazuli Zulfan, Hartati Rika, Rowa Cornelia Rosasepti, Asyarie Sukmadjaja
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Jan 6;18(1):56. doi: 10.3390/ph18010056.
The imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with endogenous antioxidant capacity leads to oxidative stress, which drives many disorders, especially in the skin. In such conditions, supplementing exogenous antioxidants may help the body prevent the negative effect of ROS. However, the skin, as the outermost barrier of the body, provides a perfect barricade, making the antioxidant delivery complicated. Several strategies have been developed to enhance the penetration of antioxidants through the skin, one of which is nanotechnology. This review focuses on utilizing several nanocarrier systems, including nanoemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), and polymeric nanoparticles, for transporting antioxidants into the skin. We also reveal ROS formation in the skin and the role of antioxidant therapy, as well as the natural sources of antioxidants. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical application of topical antioxidant therapy concomitantly with the current status of using nanotechnology to deliver topical antioxidants. This review will accelerate the advancement of topical antioxidant therapy.
活性氧（ROS）生成与内源性抗氧化能力之间的失衡会导致氧化应激，进而引发多种疾病，尤其是皮肤方面的疾病。在这种情况下，补充外源性抗氧化剂可能有助于身体预防ROS的负面影响。然而，皮肤作为身体的最外层屏障，形成了一道完美的壁垒，使得抗氧化剂的递送变得复杂。人们已经开发了几种策略来增强抗氧化剂透过皮肤的渗透能力，其中之一就是纳米技术。本综述着重于利用几种纳米载体系统，包括纳米乳剂、脂质体、固体脂质纳米粒（SLN）、纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）和聚合物纳米粒，将抗氧化剂输送到皮肤中。我们还揭示了皮肤中ROS的形成以及抗氧化治疗的作用，以及抗氧化剂的天然来源。此外，我们讨论了局部抗氧化治疗的临床应用以及利用纳米技术递送局部抗氧化剂的现状。本综述将加速局部抗氧化治疗的进展。
