Dimitrova Lyudmila, Mileva Milka, Georgieva Almira, Tzvetanova Elina, Popova Milena, Bankova Vassya, Najdenski Hristo
The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 14;14(2):213. doi: 10.3390/plants14020213.
is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections of the urinary tract, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, etc. It is possible to develop bacteremia and sepsis in immunocompromised patients. A major problem in treatment is the development of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, new preparations of natural origin are sought, such as plant extracts, which are phytocomplexes and to which it is practically impossible to develop resistance. L. () is a perennial herb known for many biological properties. This study aimed to investigate the redox-modulating capacity and effect of ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from roots (EtOAcR) and aerial parts (EtOAcAP) of the Bulgarian plant on the phenotype inhibition of the Las/RhI quorum sensing (QS) system, which primarily determines drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria, including biofilm formation, motility, and pigment production. We performed QS assays to account for the effects of the two EtOAc extracts. At sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) ranging from 1.56 to 6.25 mg/mL, the biofilm formation was inhibited 85% and 84% by EtOAcR and 62% and 39% by EtOAcAP extracts, respectively. At the same sub-MICs, the pyocyanin synthesis was inhibited by 17-27% after treatment with EtOAcAP and 26-30% with EtOAcR extracts. The motility was fully inhibited at 3.12 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL (sub-MICs). We investigated the inhibitory potential of I, R, I, and R gene expression in biofilm and pyocyanin probes with the PCR method. Interestingly, the genes were inhibited by two extracts at 3.12 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL. Antiradical studies, assessed by DPPH, CUPRAC, and ABTS radical scavenging methods and superoxide anion inhibition showed that EtOAcAP extract has effective antioxidant capacity. These results could help in the development of new phytocomplexes that could be applied as biocontrol agents to inhibit the phenotype of the QS system and other antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
是一种机会致病菌，可引起泌尿道、上呼吸道、胃肠道、中枢神经系统等医院感染。免疫功能低下的患者可能会发生菌血症和败血症。治疗中的一个主要问题是抗生素耐药性的产生。因此，人们正在寻找天然来源的新制剂，如植物提取物，它们是植物复合物，几乎不可能产生耐药性。L.（）是一种具有多种生物学特性的多年生草本植物。本研究旨在研究保加利亚植物根（EtOAcR）和地上部分（EtOAcAP）的乙酸乙酯（EtOAc）提取物对Las/RhI群体感应（QS）系统表型抑制的氧化还原调节能力和作用，该系统主要决定病原菌的耐药性，包括生物膜形成、运动性和色素产生。我们进行了QS分析以评估两种EtOAc提取物的效果。在1.56至6.25mg/mL的亚最小抑菌浓度（sub-MICs）下，EtOAcR分别抑制生物膜形成85%和84%，EtOAcAP提取物分别抑制62%和39%。在相同的亚最小抑菌浓度下，用EtOAcAP处理后，绿脓菌素合成被抑制17 - 27%，用EtOAcR提取物处理后被抑制26 - 30%。在3.12mg/mL和6.25mg/mL（亚最小抑菌浓度）时运动性被完全抑制。我们用PCR方法研究了生物膜和绿脓菌素探针中I、R、I和R基因表达的抑制潜力。有趣的是，在3.12mg/mL和6.25mg/mL时，两种提取物都抑制了这些基因。通过DPPH、CUPRAC和ABTS自由基清除方法以及超氧阴离子抑制评估的抗自由基研究表明，EtOAcAP提取物具有有效的抗氧化能力。这些结果有助于开发新的植物复合物，可作为生物控制剂用于抑制QS系统和其他抗生素耐药病原体的表型。
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