Alvarez Ignacio, Banihashem Fereshteh, Persson Annie, Hurri Emma, Kim Hyeyoung, Ducatez Mariette, Geijer Erika, Valarcher Jean-Francois, Hägglund Sara, Zohari Siamak
Division of Ruminant Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7054, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Microbiology, Swedish Veterinary Agency, Ulls väg 2B, 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden.
Viruses. 2024 Dec 26;17(1):17. doi: 10.3390/v17010017.
Increased evidence suggests that cattle are the primary host of Influenza D virus (IDV) and may contribute to respiratory disease in this species. The aim of this study was to detect and characterise IDV in the Swedish cattle population using archived respiratory samples. This retrospective study comprised a collection of a total 1763 samples collected between 1 January 2021 and 30 June 2024. The samples were screened for IDV and other respiratory pathogens using real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (rRT-qPCR). Fifty-one IDV-positive samples were identified, with a mean cycle threshold (Ct) value of 27 (range: 15-37). Individual samples with a Ct value of <30 for IDV RNA were further analysed by deep sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by the maximum likelihood estimation method on the whole IDV genome sequence from 16 samples. The IDV strains collected in 2021 (n = 7) belonged to the D/OK clade, whereas samples from 2023 (n = 4) and 2024 (n = 5) consisted of reassortants between the D/OK and D/660 clades, for the PB2 gene. This study reports the first detection of IDV in Swedish cattle and the circulation of D/OK and reassortant D/OK-D/660 in this population.
越来越多的证据表明，牛是丁型流感病毒（IDV）的主要宿主，可能导致该物种的呼吸道疾病。本研究的目的是利用存档的呼吸道样本检测和鉴定瑞典牛群中的IDV。这项回顾性研究收集了2021年1月1日至2024年6月30日期间总共1763份样本。使用实时逆转录定量PCR（rRT-qPCR）对样本进行IDV和其他呼吸道病原体筛查。鉴定出51份IDV阳性样本，平均循环阈值（Ct）值为27（范围：15-37）。对IDV RNA的Ct值<30的单个样本进行深度测序进一步分析。通过最大似然估计方法对16个样本的整个IDV基因组序列进行系统发育分析。2021年收集的IDV毒株（n = 7）属于D/OK分支，而2023年（n = 4）和2024年（n = 5）的样本在PB2基因方面由D/OK和D/660分支之间的重配体组成。本研究报告了在瑞典牛群中首次检测到IDV以及该群体中D/OK和重配体D/OK-D/660的传播情况。
