Emilioh Gerrald Njeruh, Nyagero Josephat, Shoo Rumishael
Department of Community Health, School of Public Health, Amref International University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Oct 15;49:41. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.49.41.44119. eCollection 2024.
according to the World Health Organization (WHO), Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) were a major cause of death in 2022 accounting for 4 million (74%) of deaths worldwide. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension are the two illnesses that are not contagious but linked closely. The objective of the research was to establish the prevalence and risk factors of undiagnosed diabetes among patients with hypertension attending St. Orsola Hospital in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya.
the study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design with random sampling. Data were collected from 384 patients with hypertension attending outpatient medical from October to December 2022 using a structured questionnaire. Analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The chi-square test was used at the bivariable level and multiple logistic regression at the multivariable level, with a significance level set at P<0.05.
the findings revealed that the age of the participants ranged between 20-89 years, with majority (62%) being below 60 years, where of these participants (66%) were women. Seventy-five percent (288/384) of participants were found to be with no diabetes, with 21 (5.5%) with undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and 75 (19.5%) being pre-diabetes. Significant associations were found between diabetes status and socio-demographic factors, with higher body mass index (BMI > 24.9) showing a strong correlation with undiagnosed diabetes (AOR 3.794 95% CI: 1.345-4.705). Education level was also significant, with lower education levels (primary or below) associated with a higher risk of undiagnosed diabetes (AOR 1.821 95% CI: 2.134-8.567). Employment status played a critical role, with unemployed individuals more likely to have undiagnosed diabetes (AOR 2.845 95% CI: 1.211-6.683). Additionally, lower frequency of vegetable consumption (less than three times per week) was linked to a higher likelihood of undiagnosed diabetes (AOR 2.937 95% CI: 1.135-7.602). Gender disparities were evident, with 62% of undiagnosed diabetes cases occurring in women. These findings underscore the importance of addressing both socio-economic and behavioral factors in the prevention and management of undiagnosed diabetes among patients with hypertension.
the study highlights a substantial prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes among patients with hypertension. These findings underscore the need for integrated screening programs, targeted health education, and lifestyle modification interventions.
根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的数据，非传染性疾病（NCD）是2022年的主要死因，占全球死亡人数的400万（74%）。糖尿病和高血压是两种不具有传染性但紧密相关的疾病。本研究的目的是确定肯尼亚塔拉卡尼蒂县圣奥索拉医院高血压患者中未确诊糖尿病的患病率及危险因素。
本研究采用描述性横断面设计并进行随机抽样。于2022年10月至12月期间，使用结构化问卷从384名前来门诊就医的高血压患者中收集数据。采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行分析。双变量分析使用卡方检验，多变量分析使用多元逻辑回归，显著性水平设定为P<0.05。
研究结果显示，参与者年龄在20至89岁之间，大多数（62%）年龄在60岁以下，其中这些参与者中有66%为女性。75%（288/384）的参与者未患糖尿病，21人（5.5%）患有未确诊的糖尿病，75人（19.5%）处于糖尿病前期。糖尿病状态与社会人口学因素之间存在显著关联，较高的体重指数（BMI>24.9）与未确诊糖尿病呈现出强烈相关性（调整后比值比[AOR] 3.794，95%置信区间[CI]：1.345 - 4.705）。教育水平也具有显著性，较低的教育水平（小学及以下）与未确诊糖尿病的较高风险相关（AOR 1.821，95% CI：2.134 - 8.567）。就业状况起着关键作用，失业个体更有可能患有未确诊糖尿病（AOR 2.845，95% CI：1.211 - 6.683）。此外，较低的蔬菜消费频率（每周少于三次）与未确诊糖尿病的较高可能性相关（AOR 2.937，95% CI：1.135 - 7.602）。性别差异明显，62%的未确诊糖尿病病例发生在女性中。这些发现强调了在高血压患者未确诊糖尿病的预防和管理中解决社会经济和行为因素的重要性。
该研究突出了高血压患者中未确诊糖尿病的高患病率。这些发现强调了综合筛查项目、针对性健康教育和生活方式改变干预措施的必要性。
