Brooks Emma L Greatorex, Tangney Christy C, Ritz Ethan M
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Rush University, 600 S. Paulina St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
Rush Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core, Rush University, 600 S. Paulina St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
Osteoporos Int. 2025 Mar;36(3):455-464. doi: 10.1007/s00198-025-07394-4. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Dietary quality may be a factor in the progression of non-communicable, chronic diseases. This analysis of NHANES data demonstrates association between consumption of UPF and prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in adults 50 years and older. UPF intake is an important consideration when recommending dietary patterns for optimum bone health PURPOSE: Declining bone mineral density in older adults can result in osteoporosis, leading to decreased physical function, quality of life, and increased risk of mortality. Poor dietary quality may contribute to the progression of this disease. This study explores the association between the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and the prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia in adults aged 50 years and older.
Using regression analysis and adjusting for covariates, 24-h recall data from adults 50 years and over in four cycles of NHANES were examined for associations between prevalence of osteoporosis and intakes of UPF as a proportion of daily energy intake.
Mean (SE) intake of UPF as a proportion of total daily energy ranged from 29.5% (0.3) in the lowest quintile to 76.3% (0.3) in the highest. 50.5% of women and 28.0% of men had osteopenia, 8.2% and 1.8%, respectively, had osteoporosis. Increased risk of osteopenia or osteoporosis was observed in the highest quintile of UPF intake compared to that of the lowest: OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.28, 1.79). The odds of self-reported prior fractures at hip, wrist, or spine in women increased by 1.9% for every percentage increase in proportion of UPF intake (95% CI 1.003, 1.035). Increased risk of fracture was not observed among men.
These findings indicate an association between osteoporosis and osteopenia and the intake of UPF as a proportion of total daily energy. Further investigation into the impact of dietary quality on osteoporosis and fracture risk is warranted, particularly in post-menopausal women.
饮食质量可能是非传染性慢性病进展的一个因素。对美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据的这项分析表明，50岁及以上成年人中，超加工食品（UPF）的摄入量与骨质疏松症和骨质减少症的患病率之间存在关联。在推荐有利于最佳骨骼健康的饮食模式时，UPF摄入量是一个重要的考虑因素。
老年人骨矿物质密度下降会导致骨质疏松症，进而导致身体功能下降、生活质量降低以及死亡风险增加。不良的饮食质量可能会促使这种疾病的进展。本研究探讨50岁及以上成年人中超加工食品（UPF）的摄入量与骨质疏松症和骨质减少症患病率之间的关联。
使用回归分析并对协变量进行调整，对NHANES四个周期中50岁及以上成年人的24小时回忆数据进行检查，以研究骨质疏松症患病率与UPF摄入量占每日能量摄入量的比例之间的关联。
UPF摄入量占每日总能量的平均（标准误）比例从最低五分位数的29.5%（0.3）到最高五分位数的76.3%（0.3）不等。50.5%的女性和28.0%的男性患有骨质减少症，分别有8.2%和1.8%患有骨质疏松症。与最低五分位数相比，在UPF摄入量最高的五分位数中观察到骨质减少症或骨质疏松症的风险增加：比值比为1.52（95%置信区间1.28, 1.79）。女性中，UPF摄入量占比每增加一个百分点，自我报告的髋部、腕部或脊柱既往骨折几率增加1.9%（95%置信区间1.003, 1.035）。在男性中未观察到骨折风险增加。
这些发现表明骨质疏松症和骨质减少症与UPF摄入量占每日总能量的比例之间存在关联。有必要进一步研究饮食质量对骨质疏松症和骨折风险的影响，尤其是在绝经后女性中。
