Shu Min, Lu Dingci, Zhu Ziyi, Yang Fei, Ma Zhaowu
School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Nanhuan Road 1, Jingzhou, Hubei 434023, China.
Clin Sci (Lond). 2025 Jan 13;139(2):CS20242737. doi: 10.1042/CS20242737.
Lactylation, a post-translational modification, has been linked to gene transcription regulation through epigenetic modulation in various pathophysiological processes. The lactylation regulatory proteins, known as writers, erasers, and readers, govern their dynamics by adding, removing, and recognizing lactyl groups on proteins. Macrophages, as cells of the immune system, maintain homeostasis, responding dynamically to diverse internal and external stimuli. Emerging researches unveil that lactylation, through inducing macrophage activation and polarization, affects their functionality in pathological conditions such as inflammation, tumor microenvironment, and fibrosis. Evidence progressively indicates that lactate-driven alterations in lactylation levels within macrophages can influence the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. This review aims to systematically summarize the research progress of lactylation in macrophages, explore its functions and mechanisms by which lactylation contributes to the pathology of different disease phenotypes, and propose future research directions along with potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
乳酰化是一种翻译后修饰，在各种病理生理过程中通过表观遗传调控与基因转录调节相关联。乳酰化调节蛋白，即所谓的写入器、擦除器和读取器，通过在蛋白质上添加、去除和识别乳酰基团来控制其动态变化。巨噬细胞作为免疫系统的细胞，维持体内平衡，对各种内部和外部刺激做出动态反应。新兴研究表明，乳酰化通过诱导巨噬细胞活化和极化，影响其在炎症、肿瘤微环境和纤维化等病理状态下的功能。越来越多的证据表明，巨噬细胞内乳酰化水平的乳酸驱动变化可影响多种疾病的发病机制。本综述旨在系统总结巨噬细胞中乳酰化的研究进展，探讨其功能以及乳酰化促成不同疾病表型病理变化的机制，并提出未来的研究方向以及潜在的诊断和治疗策略。
