Gomez de Segura Ignacio A, Seeldrayers Saskia, Flecknell Paul
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
Central Animal Facilities, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Lab Anim. 2025 Jun;59(3):396-412. doi: 10.1177/00236772241300779. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
Assessing and alleviating pain in animals involved in research is critically important. However, the effective implementation of pain management depends on the knowledge and attitudes of the personnel involved. Following a Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations 'Pain in Mice' working group initiative, a questionnaire to survey current practices concerning analgesic use in laboratory mice was distributed to several professional groups in the field of laboratory animal science. Besides demographic data, attitudes to pain and analgesia and sources of information and advice on pain management were assessed. Data were gathered and analysed through an e-survey provider. Most respondents ( = 222) were from Europe (90%). Analgesics were administered to murine surgical models by 92% of respondents in most cases and by 66% to all mice undergoing surgery. Most respondents used multimodal analgesic regimens (69%). For non-surgical models, 34% of respondents provided analgesics. The most commonly administered classes of analgesics were opioids (mostly buprenorphine) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (mostly meloxicam and carprofen). A wide range of dose rates of meloxicam and carprofen was reported. Local anaesthetics were also widely used in surgical models (mostly lidocaine). Pain assessment was undertaken by most respondents (98%). In conclusion, most respondents provided analgesics to mice undergoing surgery and used analgesics in some non-surgical models. A considerable variation in the dose range used and the timing of administration of analgesics likely reflects both a lack of data and variation in pain assessment methodologies.
评估和减轻参与研究的动物的疼痛至关重要。然而，疼痛管理的有效实施取决于相关人员的知识和态度。遵循欧洲实验动物科学协会联合会“小鼠疼痛”工作组的倡议，一份关于调查实验室小鼠镇痛药物使用现状的问卷被分发给实验动物科学领域的几个专业团体。除了人口统计学数据外，还评估了对疼痛和镇痛的态度以及疼痛管理的信息和建议来源。数据通过电子调查提供商收集和分析。大多数受访者（=222人）来自欧洲（90%）。在大多数情况下，92%的受访者对小鼠手术模型使用了镇痛药，66%的受访者对所有接受手术的小鼠使用了镇痛药。大多数受访者（69%）使用多模式镇痛方案。对于非手术模型，34%的受访者提供了镇痛药。最常用的镇痛药类别是阿片类药物（主要是丁丙诺啡）和非甾体抗炎药（主要是美洛昔康和卡洛芬）。报告了美洛昔康和卡洛芬的广泛剂量率。局部麻醉剂在手术模型中也广泛使用（主要是利多卡因）。大多数受访者（98%）进行了疼痛评估。总之，大多数受访者对接受手术的小鼠提供了镇痛药，并在一些非手术模型中使用了镇痛药。所用剂量范围和镇痛药给药时间的相当大差异可能既反映了数据的缺乏，也反映了疼痛评估方法的差异。
