Yulyani Vera, Iswanto Iswanto, Daniel Daniel, Kusumaningrum Fitrina Mahardani, Tetra Dewi Fatwa Sari
Doctoral Program in Medicine and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Malahayati, Bandar Lampung, Lampung, Indonesia.
BMJ Open. 2025 Jan 29;15(1):e091478. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091478.
The results of open defecation-free (ODF) programmes vary greatly, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study will systematically investigate available qualitative research to identify the elements contributing to open defecation programmes' effectiveness in various situations across LMICs. Furthermore, this review seeks to identify gaps in the available literature and areas that require additional investigation and action.
Inclusion criteria were developed considering issues related to open defecation in LMICs, sanitation interventions and behavioural change. Research examining sanitation interventions in schools, shelters, disability communities and virtual communities was excluded, as the review focused exclusively on community-based interventions. Studies published in English and Indonesian were included without limitation of the initial year until 31 January 2025. Systematic research will be carried out using ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest and Scopus databases. Information from grey literature, including conference proceedings and reports from relevant organisations, will be systematically searched using Google Scholar and the websites of leading institutions, such as the WHO, UNICEF and WaterAid. This systematic review did not impose any restrictions on the place and date of publication. Two reviewers followed Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines in selecting studies, conducting critical appraisal using confidential tools and extracting data using a structured approach. Data synthesis will be performed using meta-aggregate methods to identify the themes. A ConQual Summary will be used to assess confidence in the findings.
The findings of the systematic review will be disseminated through a publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at a relevant conference. Since the data used will not contain individual patient information, ethical approval is unnecessary.
CRD42023408851.
无露天排便（ODF）计划的结果差异很大，尤其是在低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）。本研究将系统地调查现有的定性研究，以确定在低收入和中等收入国家不同情况下有助于露天排便计划有效性的因素。此外，本综述旨在找出现有文献中的差距以及需要进一步调查和行动的领域。
制定纳入标准时考虑了与低收入和中等收入国家露天排便、卫生干预措施及行为改变相关的问题。由于本综述仅关注基于社区的干预措施，因此排除了对学校、避难所、残疾人群体和虚拟社区卫生干预措施的研究。纳入了以英文和印尼文发表的研究，不限初始年份，截至2025年1月31日。将使用ScienceDirect、PubMed、ProQuest和Scopus数据库进行系统研究。将使用谷歌学术以及世界卫生组织、联合国儿童基金会和水援助组织等主要机构的网站，系统搜索灰色文献中的信息，包括会议论文集和相关组织的报告。本系统综述对出版地点和日期没有任何限制。两名评审员遵循乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的指南选择研究、使用保密工具进行批判性评价并采用结构化方法提取数据。将使用元聚合方法进行数据综合以确定主题。将使用ConQual总结来评估对研究结果的信心。
系统综述的结果将通过在同行评审期刊上发表以及在相关会议上展示来传播。由于所使用的数据不包含个人患者信息，因此无需伦理批准。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42023408851。
