Petrovic Milos, Ramos Jorgelina, Hafsteinsson Thrainn, Gisladottir Thordis
Research Centre for Sports and Healthcare Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Department of Endocrinology, Landspitalin, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jan 15;6:1488128. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1488128. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to investigate age-related differences in physical performance metrics, specifically vertical jumping and sprinting capabilities, between young (average age 12.5) and senior (average age 23.2) male basketball players.
Performance metrics were assessed through standardised tests measuring jump height and sprint times, alongside force production during eccentric and concentric phases of jumping movement.
Key findings show that senior players outperform younger athletes in both sprint times and jump heights, attributed to greater physical maturation and neuromuscular development. However, contraction times and phase durations were similar across both age groups, indicating that strength improvements do not affect fundamental movement timing.
These results highlight the importance of age-specific training programs that focus on developing explosive power for younger players and optimising performance while minimising injury risk for seniors. The study provides valuable insights and recommendations for tailoring training strategies to athletes' developmental stages and suggests that further research is needed to explore effective interventions for enhancing physical performance across the lifespan.
本研究旨在调查年轻（平均年龄12.5岁）和年长（平均年龄23.2岁）男性篮球运动员在身体表现指标方面的年龄差异，特别是垂直跳跃和短跑能力。
通过测量跳跃高度和短跑时间的标准化测试，以及跳跃动作离心和向心阶段的力量产生来评估表现指标。
主要发现表明，年长球员在短跑时间和跳跃高度方面均优于年轻运动员，这归因于更高的身体成熟度和神经肌肉发育。然而，两个年龄组的收缩时间和阶段持续时间相似，这表明力量的提高并不影响基本运动时间。
这些结果凸显了针对特定年龄的训练计划的重要性，该计划侧重于为年轻球员发展爆发力，并在将年长者的受伤风险降至最低的同时优化表现。该研究为根据运动员的发育阶段调整训练策略提供了有价值的见解和建议，并表明需要进一步研究以探索在整个生命周期中提高身体表现的有效干预措施。
