Moran Jason, Sandercock Gavin R H, Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo, Meylan César, Collison Jay, Parry Dave A
a Centre for Sports and Exercise Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex , Colchester , United Kingdom.
b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , Universidad de Los Lagos , Osorno , Chile.
J Sports Sci. 2017 Jun;35(11):1041-1051. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1209306. Epub 2016 Jul 25.
This meta-analysis investigated the maturation-related pattern of adaptations to resistance training in boy athletes. We included studies examining the effects of 4-16-week resistance training programmes in healthy boy athletes aged 10-18 years. Pooled estimates of effect size for change in strength across all studies (n = 19) were calculated using the inverse-variance random effects model for meta-analyses. Estimates were also calculated for groups based on likely biological maturity status ("before", "during" and "after" peak height velocity). Using the standardised mean difference, resistance training increased strength across all groups (effect size = 0.98, [CI: 0.70-1.27]). Strength gains were larger during (1.11 [0.67-1.54]) and after (1.01 [0.56-1.46]) peak height velocity than before (0.5 [-0.06-1.07]). Adaptations to resistance training are greater in adolescent boys during or after peak height velocity. These findings should help coaches to optimise the timing of training programmes that are designed to improve strength in boy athletes.
这项荟萃分析研究了男运动员对阻力训练适应的成熟相关模式。我们纳入了考察为期4 - 16周的阻力训练计划对10 - 18岁健康男运动员影响的研究。使用荟萃分析的逆方差随机效应模型计算了所有研究（n = 19）中力量变化的效应大小合并估计值。还根据可能的生物成熟状态（“身高增长高峰前”、“身高增长高峰期间”和“身高增长高峰后”）对各分组进行了估计。使用标准化均数差，阻力训练使所有组的力量均有所增加（效应大小 = 0.98，[置信区间：0.70 - 1.27]）。身高增长高峰期间（1.11 [0.67 - 1.54]）和之后（1.01 [0.56 - 1.46]）的力量增长大于身高增长高峰前（0.5 [-0.06 - 1.07]）。身高增长高峰期间或之后的青春期男孩对阻力训练的适应能力更强。这些发现应有助于教练优化旨在提高男运动员力量的训练计划的时间安排。
