Stone Benjamin K, Kung Theodore A, Abbed Turkia, Lin Ines, Rao Vinay
From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2025 Jan 29;13(1):e6444. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000006444. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Mentorship is an integral part of developing competent, passionate, and successful plastic surgeons and is an important element of surgeons' wellness. Although mentorship programs have been described in the literature, this study aimed to elucidate the specific qualities of an effective mentor in plastic surgery.
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses methodology was utilized to conduct a systematic review of the literature. A search of 3 electronic databases (PubMed including MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) was performed for relevant studies up to June 15, 2024, using an advanced search for article titles and abstracts pertaining to plastic surgery and mentorship. Eligibility criteria included primary sources that explicitly commented on the qualities of an effective mentor in plastic surgery. A risk of bias assessment was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists.
A total of 284 records were identified. After screening, the final sample contained 8 records. Conserved themes across studies included "time investment and accessibility" and "shared identities." Effective mentors foster leadership, guide and teach mentees, and maintain accessibility. Underrepresented groups are more likely to publish with race-concordant mentors, and female mentees prioritize mentor-mentee concordance more than male mentees.
Effective mentors are accessible to their mentees and invest time in developing their personal and professional goals. Identity concordances, such as shared values or shared life experiences, may be important in sustaining strong mentor-mentee relationships. The mentorship literature in plastic surgery would benefit from additional primary studies to better optimize mentorship programs.
导师指导是培养有能力、有热情且成功的整形外科医生不可或缺的一部分，也是外科医生职业健康的重要因素。尽管文献中已描述了导师指导计划，但本研究旨在阐明整形外科中有效导师的具体特质。
采用系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目方法对文献进行系统评价。截至2024年6月15日，通过对3个电子数据库（包括MEDLINE的PubMed、Embase和Cochrane图书馆）进行检索，使用高级搜索功能查找与整形外科和导师指导相关的文章标题和摘要，以获取相关研究。纳入标准包括明确评论整形外科中有效导师特质的原始资料。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的批判性评价清单进行偏倚风险评估。
共识别出284条记录。筛选后，最终样本包含8条记录。各研究中一致的主题包括“时间投入和可及性”以及“身份认同”。有效的导师培养领导力、指导和教导学员，并保持可及性。代表性不足的群体更有可能与种族匹配的导师共同发表文章，女性学员比男性学员更看重师生之间的匹配度。
有效的导师对学员来说是可及的，并投入时间帮助他们制定个人和职业目标。身份认同的一致性，如共同的价值观或共同的生活经历，可能对维持牢固的师生关系很重要。整形外科的导师指导文献将受益于更多的原始研究，以更好地优化导师指导计划。
