Bottini Summer, Gillis Mattson Jennifer, Herrod Jessica, Sinha Cynthia, Scheithauer Mindy, Mevers Joanna Lomas, Scahill Lawrence
Marcus Autism Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2025 Jan 31. doi: 10.1007/s10803-025-06728-9.
The present evaluation aimed to begin development of a survey tool for measuring workplace stressors specific to behavioral health providers in clinical settings for autism and related developmental disabilities: the Burnout Assessment for Developmental Disability Settings (BADDS). BADDS development was guided by Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS; Cella et al., (Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1179-1194, 2010) procedures. We used a qualitative analysis to define the target conceptual model (Phase 1). Using the analysis and reported lived experiences, we generated individual items for the BADDS. We then piloted these items in an online survey study to examine correlations with established measures of burnout (Phase 2). Finally, we used a modified Delphi approach to refine items with an expert panel, resulting in a preliminary item pool for the BADDS (Phase 3). Qualitative interviews produced a framework of four themes and nine sub-themes for analysis. Initial items were written across each theme and sub-theme. Findings from preliminary psychometric evaluation in Phase 2 demonstrated promising internal consistency, score stability, and positive associations with validated measures of burnout level. Finally in Phase 3, an expert panel edited items for relevance and clarity across three iterations of feedback. Though further analysis is needed, the BADDS tool has the potential to provide a conceptual analysis of burnout by identifying workplace stressors impacting behavioral health providers in autism service settings. This is in contrast to existing measures that solely inquire burnout level, but do not identify causes of job stress. Organizations may develop more effective strategies for mitigating burnout within their specific setting by incorporating assessments such as the BADDS into burnout interventions for providers.
本次评估旨在开始开发一种调查工具，用于测量临床环境中针对自闭症及相关发育障碍行为健康提供者的工作场所压力源：发育障碍环境倦怠评估（BADDS）。BADDS的开发以患者报告结果测量信息系统（PROMIS；Cella等人，《临床流行病学杂志》，63(11)，1179 - 1194，2010）程序为指导。我们采用定性分析来定义目标概念模型（第1阶段）。利用该分析以及报告的实际经历，我们为BADDS生成了各个项目。然后，我们在一项在线调查研究中对这些项目进行了试点，以检验与既定倦怠测量指标的相关性（第2阶段）。最后，我们采用改进的德尔菲法与专家小组一起完善项目，从而形成了BADDS的初步项目池（第3阶段）。定性访谈产生了一个包含四个主题和九个子主题的分析框架。最初的项目是围绕每个主题和子主题编写的。第2阶段初步心理测量评估的结果显示出有前景的内部一致性、分数稳定性，以及与经过验证的倦怠水平测量指标的正相关。最后在第3阶段，一个专家小组通过三轮反馈编辑项目以确保相关性和清晰度。尽管还需要进一步分析，但BADDS工具有可能通过识别影响自闭症服务环境中行为健康提供者的工作场所压力源，对倦怠进行概念分析。这与现有的仅询问倦怠水平但不识别工作压力原因的测量方法形成对比。组织可以通过将BADDS等评估纳入针对提供者的倦怠干预措施，在其特定环境中制定更有效的减轻倦怠的策略。
