Holmgren Josefin, Englund Emma, Carlsson Annelie, Litwin Linda, Weismann Constance G, Odermarsky Michal, Liuba Petru
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Paediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
Acta Paediatr. 2025 Jul;114(7):1616-1622. doi: 10.1111/apa.70002. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Timeline of atherosclerosis in children with type 1 diabetes is unknown. We aimed to investigate if familial risk of type 1 diabetes is associated with pro-atherosclerotic changes.
Young first-degree relatives to patients with paediatric type 1 diabetes and sex and age matching controls were enrolled at Skåne University Hospital, Sweden between 2006 and 2015. Conventional lipids, human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8, inflammatory biomarkers, and history of respiratory infections were determined.
A total of 117 first-degree relatives and 43 controls were recruited (50% boys) at median of 13.4 years of age (IQR 8.0). Relatives had lower BMI Z-score (p = 0.03) and frequency of respiratory infections (p = 0.03) compared to controls, but higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL, p = 0.04) and total cholesterol (p = 0.01). In multivariable regression models adjusted for confounders LDL was 0.35 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.10-0.61) and total cholesterol was 0.46 mmol/L higher (95% CI 0.15-0.77) in relatives. Relatives with ≥ 4 respiratory infections/year had higher LDL than controls with < 4 infections/year (p = 0.035). Human leukocyte antigen DQ2/8 frequency and inflammatory biomarkers did not differ between groups.
Healthy young relatives to patients with type 1 diabetes display adverse lipid changes, probably related to their genetic susceptibility to this disease and recent respiratory infections.
1型糖尿病患儿动脉粥样硬化的发病时间尚不清楚。我们旨在研究1型糖尿病的家族风险是否与动脉粥样硬化前期变化有关。
2006年至2015年期间，在瑞典斯科讷大学医院招募了患有儿童1型糖尿病患者的年轻一级亲属以及性别和年龄匹配的对照组。测定了传统血脂、人类白细胞抗原DQ2/8、炎症生物标志物和呼吸道感染史。
共招募了117名一级亲属和43名对照组（50%为男孩），中位年龄为13.4岁（四分位间距8.0）。与对照组相比，亲属的BMI Z评分较低（p = 0.03），呼吸道感染频率较低（p = 0.03），但低密度脂蛋白（LDL，p = 0.04）和总胆固醇较高（p = 0.01）。在对混杂因素进行调整的多变量回归模型中，亲属的LDL高0.35 mmol/L（95%置信区间0.10 - 0.61），总胆固醇高0.46 mmol/L（95%置信区间0.15 - 0.77）。每年呼吸道感染≥4次的亲属的LDL高于每年感染<4次的对照组（p = 0.035）。两组之间人类白细胞抗原DQ2/8频率和炎症生物标志物无差异。
1型糖尿病患者的健康年轻亲属表现出不良的血脂变化，这可能与他们对该疾病的遗传易感性以及近期的呼吸道感染有关。
