Perron M, Endres J
J Am Diet Assoc. 1985 May;85(5):573-6.
The relationship between the nutrition knowledge and attitudes and dietary practices of adolescent female athletes was studied, using a 24-hour recall and a 48-hour food record with a modified version of the self-administered knowledge and attitude questionnaire of Werblow et al. Analysis indicated that the diets were similar to those of other teenage girls in the United States. The calculated mean values for vitamins A and C were more than 100% of the RDAs, while those for calcium and iron were less than 67% of the allowances. The mean energy value was less than recommended and may have been inadequate for the active subjects. Food consumption analysis showed that of total servings, the milk and meat groups accounted for only about 10% each and that more than 30% came from the "others" group. Although the subjects had some common misconceptions about nutrition, they were generally knowledgeable as well as positive in their attitudes toward nutrition. Nutrition knowledge and attitudes were positively correlated, indicating that the more nutrition knowledge a subject had, the more positive was the attitude toward nutrition, and vice versa. However, no significant correlation was found between nutrition knowledge or attitudes and dietary intake, suggesting that factors other than nutrition knowledge and attitudes, such as a concern for weight and a dependence on others for food selection, played a role in determining the food practices of the subjects.
研究了青春期女性运动员的营养知识、态度与饮食习惯之间的关系，采用了24小时回顾法和48小时食物记录法，并使用了Werblow等人自行填写的知识与态度问卷的修改版。分析表明，这些饮食与美国其他少女的饮食相似。维生素A和C的计算平均值超过了推荐膳食摄入量（RDAs）的100%，而钙和铁的平均值则低于摄入量标准的67%。平均能量值低于推荐值，对于这些活跃的受试者来说可能不足。食物消费分析表明，在总份数中，牛奶和肉类组各占约10%，超过30%来自“其他”组。尽管受试者对营养有一些常见的误解，但他们总体上知识丰富，对营养的态度也很积极。营养知识和态度呈正相关，表明受试者的营养知识越多，对营养的态度就越积极，反之亦然。然而，在营养知识或态度与饮食摄入量之间未发现显著相关性，这表明除了营养知识和态度之外的其他因素，如对体重的关注和在食物选择上对他人的依赖，在决定受试者的饮食习惯方面起到了作用。
