Stanishevsky Andrei
Department of Physics University of Alabama at Birmingham, 902 14th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA.
Macromol Rapid Commun. 2025 Jul;46(13):e2400907. doi: 10.1002/marc.202400907. Epub 2025 Feb 2.
Electrospinning is increasingly used as a staple technology for the fabrication of nano- and micro-fibers of different materials. Most processes utilize direct current (DC) electrospinning, and a multitude of DC-electrospinning tools ranging from research to commercial production systems is currently available. Yet, there are numerous studies performed on electrospinning techniques utilizing non-DC, periodic electric fields, or alternating current (AC) electrospinning. Those studies demonstrate the strong potential of AC-electrospinning for the sustainable production of various nanofibrous materials and structures. Although tremendous progress is achieved in the development of AC-electrospinning over the last 10 years, this technique remains uncommon. This paper reviews the AC-electrospinning concepts, instrumentation, and technology. The main focus of this review is the most studied, "electric wind" driven AC-electrospinning technique tentatively named alternating field electrospinning (AFES). The latter term emphasizes the role of the AC electric field's confinement to the fiber-generating electrode and the absence of a counter electrode in such an electrospinning system. The synopses of AFES process parameters, fiber-generating spinneret designs, benefits and obstacles, advancements in AC electrospun nano/micro-fibrous materials/structures and their applications are given, and future directions are discussed.
静电纺丝越来越多地被用作制造不同材料的纳米和微纤维的主要技术。大多数工艺采用直流（DC）静电纺丝，目前有从研究到商业生产系统的多种直流静电纺丝工具可供使用。然而，也有许多关于利用非直流、周期性电场或交流（AC）静电纺丝技术的研究。这些研究表明交流静电纺丝在可持续生产各种纳米纤维材料和结构方面具有巨大潜力。尽管在过去十年中交流静电纺丝的发展取得了巨大进展，但这项技术仍然不常见。本文综述了交流静电纺丝的概念、仪器设备和技术。本综述的主要重点是研究最多的、由“电风”驱动的交流静电纺丝技术，暂称为交变电场静电纺丝（AFES）。后一个术语强调了交流电场对纤维生成电极的限制作用以及这种静电纺丝系统中不存在对电极。给出了AFES工艺参数、纤维生成喷丝头设计、优点和障碍、交流静电纺纳米/微纤维材料/结构的进展及其应用的概述，并讨论了未来的发展方向。
