Advancements and Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Pharmaceutical Sciences: A Comprehensive Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the pharmaceutical industry, improving drug discovery, development, and personalized patient care. Through machine learning (ML), deep learning, natural language processing (NLP), and robotic automation, AI has enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and innovation in the field. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the practical applications and potential of AI in various pharmaceutical fields. These fields include medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, pharmacology and toxicology, clinical pharmacy, pharmaceutical biotechnology, pharmaceutical nanotechnology, pharmacognosy, and pharmaceutical management and economics. By leveraging AI technologies such as ML, deep learning, NLP, and robotic automation, this review delves into the role of AI in enhancing drug discovery, development processes, and personalized patient care. It analyzes AI's impact in specific areas such as drug synthesis planning, formulation development, toxicology predictions, pharmacy automation, and market analysis. Artificial intelligence integration into pharmaceutical sciences has significantly improved medicinal chemistry, drug discovery, and synthesis planning. In pharmaceutics, AI has advanced personalized medicine and formulation development. In pharmacology and toxicology, AI offers predictive capabilities for drug mechanisms and toxic effects. In clinical pharmacy, AI has facilitated automation and enhanced patient care. Additionally, AI has contributed to protein engineering, gene therapy, nanocarrier design, discovery of natural product therapeutics, and pharmaceutical management and economics, including marketing research and clinical trials management. Artificial intelligence has transformed pharmaceuticals, improving efficiency, accuracy, and innovation. This review highlights AI's role in drug development and personalized care, serving as a reference for professionals. The future promises a revolutionized field with AI-driven methodologies.