Zhong Xiaoying, Zeng Yan, Peng Lin, Li Xixi, Jia Yuanli, Pan Changqing, Wang Bangjun
Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China.
Department of Nursing, Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Mianyang, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jan 17;15:1471640. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1471640. eCollection 2024.
China's birth rate continues to decline, reaching only 6.39% in 2023. In light of this trend, hospitals may need to reassess their allocation of resources, including funding, staffing, and facilities. Nurses may face job insecurity and uncertainty regarding their roles, which could prompt some to consider transitioning to different specialties. This study aimed to investigate the levels of occupational stress among nurses in the context of low fertility in China in 2023 and to identify the factors contributing to this stress. In addition, the study sought to explore the relationship between family dysfunction, low fertility rates, and occupational stress levels.
This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 270 nurses working in hospitals, who were recruited between December 2023 and January 2024 through a Chinese free web-based platform (Sojump) to complete online questionnaires. In addition to demographic information, the Nursing Job Stressors Scale (NJSS) and the Family APGAR Index were utilized for data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. For continuous variables, the mean, standard deviation (SD), median, and interquartile range were reported, while counts and percentages were used for categorical variables. The independent -test and one-way analysis of variance were employed for univariate analysis. Multiple linear regression was utilized for multivariate analysis. A -value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The participants' average scores for the NJSS and Family APGAR Index were 1.76 ± 0.58 and 6.35 ± 3.30 points, respectively. In addition, workload and time pressure were rated highest among the sub-scales of the NJSS. The top five job stressors for nurses were Q3 (), Q1 (), Q5 (), Q12 (), and Q16 (). The score of the Family APGAR Index demonstrated a negative correlation with occupational stress ( = -0.19, < 0.001). The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that a high level of worry about losing one's job (SE = 0.044, = 0.152, = 2.567, = 0.011) and poorer family APGAR scores (SE = 0.035, = -0.202, = -3.406, < 0.001) were associated with higher NJSS scores.
The nurses reported experiencing a moderate level of occupational stress in the context of low fertility in China. The key predictors of occupational stress among the nurses included concerns about job security and the Family APGAR classification. Implementing fair compensation and providing more effective family-oriented support programs are essential for reducing occupational stress among nurses.
中国的出生率持续下降，2023年降至仅6.39%。鉴于这一趋势，医院可能需要重新评估其资源分配，包括资金、人员配备和设施。护士可能面临工作不安全感以及角色的不确定性，这可能促使一些人考虑转向不同的专业领域。本研究旨在调查2023年中国低生育率背景下护士的职业压力水平，并确定导致这种压力的因素。此外，该研究还试图探讨家庭功能障碍、低生育率与职业压力水平之间的关系。
这项描述性横断面研究涉及270名在医院工作的护士，他们于2023年12月至2024年1月通过中国一个免费的在线平台（问卷星）招募，以完成在线问卷。除人口统计学信息外，还使用了护理工作压力源量表（NJSS）和家庭APGAR指数进行数据收集。使用描述性和推断性统计方法对数据进行分析，包括相关性和多元线性回归分析。对于连续变量，报告均值、标准差（SD）、中位数和四分位间距，而分类变量则使用计数和百分比。采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析进行单变量分析。多元线性回归用于多变量分析。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
参与者的NJSS和家庭APGAR指数的平均得分分别为1.76±0.58分和6.35±3.30分。此外，在NJSS的子量表中，工作量和时间压力的评分最高。护士的前五大工作压力源是Q3（）、Q1（）、Q5（）、Q12（）和Q16（）。家庭APGAR指数得分与职业压力呈负相关（r = -0.19，P < 0.001）。多元线性回归分析结果表明，对失业的高度担忧（SE = 0.044，β = 0.152，t = 2.567，P = 0.011）和较差的家庭APGAR得分（SE = 0.035，β = -0.202，t = -3.406，P < 0.001）与较高的NJSS得分相关。
护士报告在中国低生育率背景下经历了中等程度的职业压力。护士职业压力的关键预测因素包括对工作安全的担忧和家庭APGAR分类。实施公平薪酬并提供更有效的家庭导向支持计划对于减轻护士的职业压力至关重要。
