Enhancement of host defense against infection through modulation of the gastrointestinal microenvironment by Lp05.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the impact of Lp05 (Lp05) on the gastrointestinal microbiome and pathophysiological status of mice infected with (), exploring its potential as a probiotic treatment for infections.

METHODS

, the interaction between Lp05 and was analyzed using laser confocal and scanning electron microscopy. , C57BL/6 mice infected with were treated with Lp05 and divided into six groups: control, model, quadruple therapy, and three dosage levels of Lp05 (2×10, 2×10, 2×10 CFU/mouse/day). Over six weeks, the impact of Lp05 on the gastrointestinal microbiome and physiological markers was assessed. Measurements included digestive enzymes (α-amylase, pepsin, cellulase), inflammatory markers (interleukin-17A, interleukin-23, interleukin-10, interferon-β, interferon-γ, FoxP3, endothelin, IP-10, TGF-β1), oxidative stress markers (catalase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase), and tissue pathology (via modified Warthin-Starry silver and H&E staining). Microbial community structure in the stomach and intestines was evaluated through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

RESULTS

studies showed Lp05 and formed co-aggregates, with Lp05 potentially disrupting cell structure, reducing its stomach colonization. , Lp05 significantly lowered gastric mucosal urease activity and serum -IgG antibody levels in infected mice ( < 0.01). It also mitigated pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum, decreased inflammatory responses (ET, IL-17A, IL-23, TGF-beta1, and IP-10, < 0.01 for all), and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT and SOD, < 0.01) while reducing MDA and MPO levels ( < 0.01), combating oxidative stress from infection. Lp05 treatment significantly modified the intestinal and gastric microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria like and , and decreasing harmful bacteria such as , linked to pathological conditions.

CONCLUSION

Lp05 effectively modulates the gastrointestinal microbiome, reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, and suppresses , promising for probiotic therapies with further research needed to refine its clinical use.