Kamel Khaoula, Merghad Amina, Barour Djanette, Eddine Gherissi Djalel, Khenenou Tarek
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, University of Mohamed Cherif Messaâdia, Souk Ahras, Algeria.
Laboratory of Science and Techniques for Living, Institute of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences, University of Mohamed Cherif Messaâdia, Souk Ahras, Algeria.
Vet World. 2024 Dec;17(12):2709-2718. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.2709-2718. Epub 2024 Dec 6.
The spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the family represents a major global health problem for humans and animals. This study aimed to determine AMR levels and highlight the different resistance profiles of isolates collected from healthy broiler chickens in eastern Algeria.
A total of 200 cloacal swabs of healthy broilers from several poultry farms located in the Souk Ahras region (eastern Algeria) were collected. Samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar, and the isolated bacteria were identified using the API 20E system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of colistin (CT).
Two hundred and forty-one isolates of commensal were recovered, including: (n = 194; 80.5%), (n = 21; 8.71%), (n = 8, 3.32%), spp. (n = 7, 2.9%) (n = 4, 1.66%), (n = 3, 1.25%), spp. (n = 3, 1.25%), and spp. (n = 1, 0.41%). High resistance rates were observed toward erythromycin (100%), doxycycline (96.68%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (95.85%), ciprofloxacin (94.19%), ampicillin (90.04%), kanamycin (78.01%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (69.71%). However, moderate-to-low resistance rates were observed for CT (25.31%), ceftazidime (12.45%), and cefotaxime (8.71%). Interestingly, only two extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates were detected. All isolates (100%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), among which 58.92% were resistant to six and seven antibiotics. Forty AMR profiles were identified, reflecting a wide diversity of resistance with combinations of three to ten antibiotics.
Our findings revealed alarming rates of AMR, highlighting the need to take measures to combat the phenomenon of AMR to protect animals and public health.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）在动物群体中的传播对人类和动物而言是一个重大的全球健康问题。本研究旨在确定阿尔及利亚东部健康肉鸡分离株的AMR水平，并突出其不同的耐药谱。
从位于苏克阿赫拉斯地区（阿尔及利亚东部）的几个家禽养殖场收集了200份健康肉鸡的泄殖腔拭子。将样本接种在麦康凯琼脂上，并使用API 20E系统鉴定分离出的细菌。根据临床和实验室标准协会指南，采用纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。采用肉汤微量稀释法测定黏菌素（CT）的最低抑菌浓度。
共分离出241株共生菌，包括：大肠杆菌（n = 194；80.5%）、肺炎克雷伯菌（n = 21；8.71%）、产气肠杆菌（n = 8，3.32%）、肠杆菌属（n = 7，2.9%）、柠檬酸杆菌属（n = 4，1.66%）、沙雷菌属（n = 3，1.25%）、摩根菌属（n = 3，1.25%）和普罗威登斯菌属（n = 1，0.41%）。观察到对红霉素（100%）、强力霉素（96.68%）、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑（95.85%）、环丙沙星（94.19%）、氨苄西林（90.04%）、卡那霉素（78.01%）和阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸（69.71%）的高耐药率。然而，观察到对CT（25.31%）、头孢他啶（12.45%）和头孢噻肟（8.71%）的中低耐药率。有趣的是，仅检测到两株产超广谱β - 内酰胺酶（ESBL）的大肠杆菌分离株。所有分离株（100%）均为多重耐药（MDR），其中58.92%对六种和七种抗生素耐药。鉴定出40种AMR谱，反映了三至十种抗生素组合的广泛耐药多样性。
我们的研究结果揭示了令人担忧的AMR发生率，突出了采取措施对抗AMR现象以保护动物和公众健康的必要性。
