Ogofure Abraham Goodness, Green Ezekiel
Department of Biotechnology and Food-Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 20;11(2):e40525. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40525. eCollection 2025 Jan 30.
Bacterial endophytes associated with Scop. represent a promising source of novel bioactive compounds with potential antibacterial and anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the diversity, distribution, and bioactivity of crude extracts derived from endophytic bacteria, focusing on their effects against bacterial pathogens of public health relevance and two cancer cell lines. Fresh, healthy plant samples were collected, and endophytes were isolated using standard cultural techniques. Identification of the endophytes was carried out through conventional and molecular methods. The comprehensive profiling and characterization of crude secondary metabolites were conducted using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography-High Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC-HRTOF-MS). The antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration were evaluated for the secondary metabolites using the Resazurin Microtitre assay. The anticancer activity of the metabolites was evaluated against A549 Lung carcinoma cells and U87MG Glioblastoma cells (ATCC culture cell lines). The result revealed a diversity of bacterial endophytes, including species, sp. sp., and These endophytes displayed distinct-tissue-specific distribution patterns within . Metabolic profiling of three endophytes (, and sp.) revealed 14 common and numerous unique metabolites. The crude secondary metabolites exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against reference strains of , , and , where MICs as low as 0.125 mg/ml were recorded across several secondary metabolites of , , and sp. The cytotoxicity assays on UMG87 glioblastoma and A549 lung carcinoma cells revealed that the secondary metabolites did not induce cell death but instead promoted cell proliferation with different viability rates. While this proliferative effect limits their direct application as anticancer agents, it raises intriguing possibilities for their role in tissue regeneration or repair. This study provides critical insights into the microbial diversity of and underscores the potential of its endophytic bacteria as sources of bioactive compounds with diverse biotechnological applications.
与Scop.相关的细菌内生菌是具有潜在抗菌和抗癌特性的新型生物活性化合物的一个有前景的来源。本研究旨在调查源自内生细菌的粗提物的多样性、分布和生物活性，重点关注其对具有公共卫生相关性的细菌病原体和两种癌细胞系的影响。采集新鲜、健康的植物样本，并使用标准培养技术分离内生菌。通过传统和分子方法对内生菌进行鉴定。使用液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（LC-QTOF-MS/MS）和气相色谱-高分辨率飞行时间质谱（GC-HRTOF-MS）对粗次生代谢产物进行全面的分析和表征。使用刃天青微量滴定法评估次生代谢产物的抗菌活性和最低抑菌浓度。评估代谢产物对A549肺癌细胞和U87MG胶质母细胞瘤细胞（ATCC培养细胞系）的抗癌活性。结果显示细菌内生菌具有多样性，包括种、sp.、sp.和。这些内生菌在Scop.内表现出明显的组织特异性分布模式。对三种内生菌（、和sp.）的代谢谱分析揭示了14种常见和大量独特的代谢产物。粗次生代谢产物对、和的参考菌株表现出广谱抗菌活性，在、和sp.的几种次生代谢产物中记录到低至0.125mg/ml的最低抑菌浓度。对UMG87胶质母细胞瘤和A549肺癌细胞的细胞毒性试验表明，次生代谢产物不会诱导细胞死亡，反而以不同的存活率促进细胞增殖。虽然这种增殖作用限制了它们作为抗癌剂的直接应用，但它为它们在组织再生或修复中的作用带来了有趣的可能性。本研究为Scop.的微生物多样性提供了关键见解，并强调了其内生细菌作为具有多种生物技术应用的生物活性化合物来源的潜力。
